Ultrasound Super-Resolution Flow Measurement of Suspensions in Narrow Channels
Ultrasound Super-Resolution Flow Measurement of Suspensions in Narrow Channels
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窄通道中悬浮液的超声超分辨率流量测量
DOI：
10.1109/tuffc.2020.3007483
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Czarske
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Kupsch;L. Feierabend;R. Nauber;L. Büttner;J. Czarske
锌-空气液流电池提供了一种可扩展且具有成本效益的储能解决方案。然而，所实现的功率密度取决于电化学电池中锌颗粒悬浮液的局部流动条件。由于复杂的多相流体以及流动和电化学的相互作用，数值模拟具有挑战性。因此，进行实验是至关重要的，以调查的流动条件对电气性能的影响，这需要不透明的悬浮液的流量仪表。为了解决整个2.6 mm宽的流动通道的研究锌-空气液流电池（ZAB）的流场，空间分辨率低于100 $\mu \text{m}$通常必须实现。使用超声技术，所实现的空间分辨率受到超声频率和成像深度之间的权衡的限制。由于超声波的散射，这种权衡对于悬浮液甚至更关键，超声波的散射随着频率强烈增加。我们提出了超分辨率粒子跟踪测速（SRPTV），以克服这一限制，实现所需的空间分辨率在低超声频率。SRPTV是基于超分辨率技术超声定位显微镜，这是适应于强烈散射悬浮液通过使用双频相控阵列和应用相干加权波束形成器来抑制散斑，这是由于在悬浮液的锌颗粒的散射。通过标定测量和数值模拟，对系统的空间分辨率和速度不确定度进行了表征。在330 $\mu \text{m}$的激发波长为66 $\mu \text{m}$的空间分辨率实现，这是足够的进行流动调查在操作ZAB。测得的流动剖面显示剪切变稀特性和壁滑移，因此显着不同于牛顿流体的抛物线流动剖面。所提出的技术提供了潜在的进行流动调查的悬浮液在小的几何形状与空间分辨率超过衍射极限。
Zinc-air flow batteries provide a scalable and cost-efficient energy storage solution. However, the achieved power density depends on the local flow conditions of the zinc particle suspension in the electrochemical cell. Numerical modeling is challenging due to the complex multiphase fluid and the interaction of flow and electrochemistry. Hence, performing experiments is crucial to investigate the influence of the flow conditions on the electrical performance, which requires flow instrumentation for the opaque suspension. To resolve the flow field across the 2.6-mm-wide flow channel of the investigated zinc-air flow battery (ZAB), a spatial resolution below 100 $\mu \text{m}$ has to be typically achieved. Using ultrasound techniques, the achieved spatial resolution is limited by the trade-off between ultrasound frequency and imaging depth. This trade-off is even more critical for suspensions due to the scattering of the ultrasound, which increases strongly with frequency. We propose super-resolution particle tracking velocimetry (SRPTV) to overcome this limitation by achieving the required spatial resolution at a low ultrasound frequency. SRPTV is based on the super-resolution technique ultrasound localization microscopy, which is adapted to strongly scattering suspensions by using a dual-frequency-phased array and applying a coherence weighting beamformer to suppress speckles, which result from the scattering at the zinc particles of the suspension. The spatial resolution and the velocity uncertainty are characterized through calibration measurement and numerical simulation. A spatial resolution of 66 $\mu \text{m}$ at an excitation wavelength of 330 $\mu \text{m}$ was achieved, which is sufficient for performing flow investigation in an operational ZAB. The measured flow profile reveals shear-thinning properties and wall slip and therefore differs significantly from a parabolic flow profile of a Newtonian fluid. The presented technique offers potential for performing flow investigations of suspensions in small geometries with a spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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