Variation of cleavage pattern permitting normal development in a sand dollar, Peronella japonica: comparison with other sand dollars
Variation of cleavage pattern permitting normal development in a sand dollar, Peronella japonica: comparison with other sand dollars
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允许沙钱正常发育的解理模式变化，Peronella japonica：与其他沙钱的比较
DOI：
10.1007/s004270050038
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
E. Arakawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Amemiya;E. Arakawa
摘要日本小盾蚧在不投饵的情况下，3天内形成一个短小的幼虫并变态。 在本研究中，发现Peronella胚胎的卵裂模式是相当不规则的植物卵裂球在第四卵裂。不到一半的胚胎检查形成四个典型的微粒。大多数形成零个，一个，两个或三个常规大小的典型的微粒，和卵裂球（S）留在植物最多的区域是不典型的大小和/或其分裂方向。大多数胚胎能够形成黄貂鱼幼虫，其中相当一部分变态为幼年海胆，无论它们是否形成了四个典型的常规大小的微小颗粒，尽管不形成典型微小颗粒的胚胎发育成黄貂鱼幼虫的频率较低。Peronella胚胎中的微球后代形成骨骼发生间充质细胞。结果表明，沙枣、山枣和日本沙枣的成骨间充质细胞平均数分别为62、122和219个。在这些物种中，成骨间充质细胞特异性糖蛋白（msp 130）首先被检测到后，立即侵入的初级间充质细胞，骨针出现在早期原肠胚阶段和三辐射骨针被发现在晚期原肠胚。这些特征在A. manni和日本对虾（P. japonica）与C. - 是的幼虫骨针形成的每一步在A. manni和日本对虾成虫骨骼的出现比日本对虾快，但日本对虾成虫骨骼的出现比日本对虾快。manni，可能是因为省略了四到八臂的pluteus阶段。
Abstract Peronella japonica, a sand dollar, forms an abbreviated pluteus larva and metamorphoses within 3 days without feeding. In the present study, the cleavage pattern of Peronella embryos was found to be quite irregular in the vegetal blastomeres at the fourth cleavage. Less than half of the embryos examined formed four typical micromeres. The majority formed zero, one, two or three typical micromeres of regular size, and the blastomere(s) remaining in the vegetal-most region was atypical in size and/or its direction of division. Most embryos were able to form pluteus larvae and a considerable proportion of these metamorphosed into juvenile sea urchins, regardless of whether or not they had formed four typical micromeres of regular size, although embryos which formed no typical micromeres developed into pluteus larvae less frequently. The micromere progeny in Peronella embryos form skeletogenic mesenchyme cells. The average numbers of skeletogenic mesenchyme cells in the three sand dollar species, Clypeaster japonicus, Astriclypeus manni and P. japonica were 62, 122 and 219, respectively. In these species, the skeletogenic mesenchyme cell-specific glycoprotein (msp130) was first detected immediately after ingression of the primary mesenchyme cells, spicules appeared at the early gastrula stage and triradiate spicules were found in late gastrulae. Appearance of these characteristics was markedly accelerated in the embryos of A. manni and P. japonica in comparison with those of C. japonicus. Each step in the formation of larval spicules was equally accelerated in A. manni and P. japonica, although the appearance of the adult skeleton was further accelerated in P. japonica in comparison with A. manni, possibly because of omission of the four- to eight-armed pluteus stages.
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海胆胚胎中的细胞相互作用和中胚层细胞命运。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
Development (Cambridge, England). Supplement
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ettensohn,CA
通讯作者：
Ettensohn,CA
直接发育的海胆Heliocidaris erythrogramma中谱系创始细胞的新起源。
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Wray,GA;Raff,RA
通讯作者：
Raff,RA
“原始”海胆（Eucidaris ribloides）中针状形成细胞的起源，该海胆似乎缺乏初级间充质细胞。
DOI：
10.1242/dev.103.2.305
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
Development (Cambridge, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Wray,GA;McClay,DR
通讯作者：
McClay,DR
海胆直接发育进化的约束、灵活性和系统发育史。
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Raff,RA
通讯作者：
Raff,RA
发育决策和形态发生的演变：两个阵营的观点。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
Development (Cambridge, England). Supplement
影响因子：
--
作者：
Raff,RA
通讯作者：
Raff,RA