N-Terminal Presequence-Independent Import of Phosphofructokinase into Hydrogenosomes of Trichomonas vaginalis

N-Terminal Presequence-Independent Import of Phosphofructokinase into Hydrogenosomes of Trichomonas vaginalis
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N 端前序列独立地将磷酸果糖激酶导入阴道毛滴虫的氢基因体中

DOI:
10.1128/ec.00104-15
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Tachezy J
Tachezy J
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rada P;Makki AR;Zimorski V;Garg S;Hampl V;Hrdý I;Gould SB;Tachezy J

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线粒体进化涉及蛋白质输入机制的起源,该机制允许核编码的蛋白质靶向细胞器,以及可切割的 N 端靶向序列 (NTS) 的起源,该序列允许有效分选和输入基质蛋白。在氢酶体和线粒体中,线粒体的还原形式与蛋白质组减少,基质蛋白的 NTS 独立靶向是已知的。在这里,我们研究了厌氧病原体阴道毛滴虫中两种糖酵解酶的细胞定位:PPi依赖性磷酸果糖激酶(TvPPi-PFK),它是原生生物的主要糖酵解PFK活性,以及ATP依赖性PFK(TvATP-PFK),其功能不太清楚。正如预期的那样,TvPPi-PFK主要在细胞质中检测到,而所有四个TvATP-PFK旁系同源物被导入阴道毛滴虫氢化酶体中,尽管它们都不具有NTS。 TvATP-PFK在酿酒酵母中的异源表达揭示了该蛋白质具有被识别并导入酵母线粒体的内在能力,而酵母ATP-PFK则驻留在细胞质中。TvATP-PFK仅由一个催化结构域组成,类似于“短”细菌酶,而ScATP-PFK包括N端延伸、催化结构域和C端调节结构域。 ScATP-PFK 和短大肠杆菌 ATP-PFK 催化结构域在阴道毛滴虫中的表达导致它们部分递送至氢酶体。这些结果表明TvATP-PFK和同源ATP-PFK拥有被氢酶体输入机制识别的内部结构靶向信息。从进化的角度来看,古代 ATP-PFK 被识别并导入氢酶体的倾向可能是细胞器进化早期阶段的遗留物。
Mitochondrial evolution entailed the origin of protein import machinery that allows nuclear-encoded proteins to be targeted to the organelle, as well as the origin of cleavable N-terminal targeting sequences (NTS) that allow efficient sorting and import of matrix proteins. In hydrogenosomes and mitosomes, reduced forms of mitochondria with reduced proteomes, NTS-independent targeting of matrix proteins is known. Here, we studied the cellular localization of two glycolytic enzymes in the anaerobic pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis: PPi-dependent phosphofructokinase (TvPPi-PFK), which is the main glycolytic PFK activity of the protist, and ATP-dependent PFK (TvATP-PFK), the function of which is less clear.TvPPi-PFK was detected predominantly in the cytosol, as expected, while all fourTvATP-PFK paralogues were imported into T. vaginalis hydrogenosomes, although none of them possesses an NTS. The heterologous expression ofTvATP-PFK in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed an intrinsic capability of the protein to be recognized and imported into yeast mitochondria, whereas yeast ATP-PFK resides in the cytosol.TvATP-PFK consists of only a catalytic domain, similarly to “short” bacterial enzymes, whileScATP-PFK includes an N-terminal extension, a catalytic domain, and a C-terminal regulatory domain. Expression of the catalytic domain ofScATP-PFK and short Escherichia coli ATP-PFK in T. vaginalis resulted in their partial delivery to hydrogenosomes. These results indicate thatTvATP-PFK and the homologous ATP-PFKs possess internal structural targeting information that is recognized by the hydrogenosomal import machinery. From an evolutionary perspective, the predisposition of ancient ATP-PFK to be recognized and imported into hydrogenosomes might be a relict from the early phases of organelle evolution.
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