Bacterial plasminogen receptors utilize host plasminogen system for effective invasion and dissemination.
Bacterial plasminogen receptors utilize host plasminogen system for effective invasion and dissemination.
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DOI：
10.1155/2012/482096
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Castellino FJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhattacharya S;Ploplis VA;Castellino FJ
为了使侵入性病原体迁移到感染部位之外，宿主生理屏障如细胞外基质、基底膜和包封纤维蛋白网络必须被降解。为了避免这些障碍，蛋白水解酶促进微生物的传播。将宿主蛋白酶募集到细菌表面代表了增强侵袭性的特别有效的机制。纤溶酶是一种广谱丝氨酸蛋白酶，可降解纤维蛋白、细胞外基质和结缔组织。大量病原体表达纤溶酶原受体，其将纤溶酶（原）粘附在细菌表面。然后，表面结合的纤溶酶原被纤溶酶原激活剂通过有限的蛋白水解激活为纤溶酶，从而触发细菌上蛋白水解表面的发展，并最终帮助细菌的传播。宿主止血系统在全身感染中起重要作用。止血过程如凝血和纤维蛋白溶解与炎症反应之间的相互作用构成宿主防御和细菌入侵的重要组成部分。本文的目的是强调致病菌，通过接合表面受体，利用和利用宿主纤溶酶原和纤溶系统在宿主内的成功传播的机制。
In order for invasive pathogens to migrate beyond the site of infection, host physiological barriers such as the extracellular matrix, the basement membrane, and encapsulating fibrin network must be degraded. To circumvent these impediments, proteolytic enzymes facilitate the dissemination of the microorganism. Recruitment of host proteases to the bacterial surface represents a particularly effective mechanism for enhancing invasiveness. Plasmin is a broad spectrum serine protease that degrades fibrin, extracellular matrices, and connective tissue. A large number of pathogens express plasminogen receptors which immobilize plasmin(ogen) on the bacterial surface. Surface-bound plasminogen is then activated by plasminogen activators to plasmin through limited proteolysis thus triggering the development of a proteolytic surface on the bacteria and eventually assisting the spread of bacteria. The host hemostatic system plays an important role in systemic infection. The interplay between hemostatic processes such as coagulation and fibrinolysis and the inflammatory response constitutes essential components of host defense and bacterial invasion. The goal of this paper is to highlight mechanisms whereby pathogenic bacteria, by engaging surface receptors, utilize and exploit the host plasminogen and fibrinolytic system for the successful dissemination within the host.
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