Development of a virus neutralisation test to detect antibodies against Schmallenberg virus and serological results in suspect and infected herds.
Development of a virus neutralisation test to detect antibodies against Schmallenberg virus and serological results in suspect and infected herds.
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DOI：
10.1186/1751-0147-54-44
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发表时间：
2012-08-07
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Maas R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loeffen W;Quak S;de Boer-Luijtze E;Hulst M;van der Poel W;Bouwstra R;Maas R
2011年底，在德国发现了一种新的正布尼亚病毒，暂时命名为施马伦贝格病毒（Schmallenberg virus， SBV）。此后，这种病毒与奶牛产奶量减少、水样腹泻和发烧等临床症状有关，随后还与小牛、羔羊和山羊幼崽的先天性畸形有关。在受影响国家，对感染的初步监测是基于对畸形后代的检查。这些怀疑通过脑组织实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）进行跟踪。然而，出于流行病学目的，需要进行血清学分析。开发并优化了病毒中和试验（VNT），并随后进行了评估。这种VNT的特异性为99%，灵敏度可能也非常接近100%。该分析具有高度重复性和可重复性。最后的试验用于检测已知感染或疑似感染的牛、母羊和牛群的抗体。在这些兽群中取样的目标是畸形后代的母亲。在RT-PCR证实SBV感染的畜群中，超过94%（201只母羊中190只）和99%（146只奶牛中145只）的血清呈阳性。在仅根据出生畸形后代（无RT-PCR或RT-PCR阴性）怀疑感染SBV的畜群中，超过90%（255只母羊中231只）和95%（834只牛中795只）的血清呈阳性。另一方面，在山羊中，仅发现少量血清阳性：总体为36.4%，在44只山羊中有16只被检测。鉴于该VNT的特点，它可以以相对高的通量用于出口、监测、筛选和研究目的的动物检测，但也可以用作市售酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和抗体（相对）定量的确认试验。用RT-PCR证实的疑似SBV感染几乎都能通过血清学证实。由于奶牛和小牛的个体登记和鉴定，受影响的后代几乎总是可以追溯到母亲。另一方面，母羊并不总是受影响的羔羊的母亲，但在许多情况下，母羊与未受影响的羔羊交配。这表明猪群中抗SBV抗体的血清阳性率很高。
At the end of 2011, a new orthobunyavirus, tentatively named Schmallenberg virus (SBV), was discovered in Germany. This virus has since been associated with clinical signs of decreased milk production, watery diarrhoea and fever in dairy cows, and subsequently also with congenital malformations in calves, lambs and goat kids. In affected countries, initial surveillance for the infection was based on examination of malformed progeny. These suspicions were followed up by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on brain tissue. For epidemiological purposes, a serological assay was, however, needed. A virus neutralisation test (VNT) was developed and optimized, and subsequently evaluated. This VNT has a specificity of >99% and the sensitivity is likely also very close to 100%. The assay is highly repeatable and reproducible. The final assay was used to test for antibodies in cows, ewes and does from herds known to be infected or suspected to be so. Targets for sampling in these herds were the mothers of malformed offspring. In herds with an RT-PCR confirmed SBV infection, more than 94% (190 out of 201) of the ewes and 99% (145 out of 146) of the cows were seropositive. In herds with suspicion of SBV infection based on birth of malformed offspring only (no or negative RT-PCR), more than 90% (231 out of 255) of the ewes and 95% (795 out of 834) of the cows were seropositive. In goats, on the other hand, only a low number of seropositives was found: overall 36.4%, being 16 out of 44 goats tested. Given the characteristics of this VNT, it can be used at a relative high throughput for testing of animals for export, surveillance, screening and research purposes, but can also be used as a confirmation test for commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA’s) and for (relative) quantification of antibodies. Suspicions of SBV infections that were confirmed by RT-PCR were almost always confirmed by serology in cows. Due to individual registration and identification of cows and calves, affected offspring could almost always be traced back to the mother. Ewes on the other hand were not always the mothers of affected lambs, but were in many cases herd mates with unaffected lambs. This indicated a high within-herd seroprevalence of antibodies against SBV.
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影响因子：
1.1
作者：
DOHERTY, RL;STGEORGE, TD;CARLEY, JG
通讯作者：
CARLEY, JG
DOI：
10.1080/00034983.1972.11686835
发表时间：
1972-01-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
CAUSEY, OR;CAUSEY, CE;LEE, VH
通讯作者：
LEE, VH
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
JAGOE, S;KIRKLAND, PD;HARPER, PAW
通讯作者：
HARPER, PAW
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Kono R;Hirata M;Kaji M;Goto Y;Ikeda S;Yanase T;Kato T;Tanaka S;Tsutsui T;Imada T;Yamakawa M
通讯作者：
Yamakawa M
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Hoffmann B;Scheuch M;Höper D;Jungblut R;Holsteg M;Schirrmeier H;Eschbaumer M;Goller KV;Wernike K;Fischer M;Breithaupt A;Mettenleiter TC;Beer M
通讯作者：
Beer M