Social norms, costly punishment and the evolution of cooperation

Social norms, costly punishment and the evolution of cooperation
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社会规范、代价高昂的惩罚和合作的演变

DOI:
10.1007/s11403-015-0146-8
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发表时间:
2016-10
影响因子:
1.1
通讯作者:
Shuheng Chen
Shuheng Chen
中科院分区:
经济学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tongkui Yu;Honggang Li;Shuheng Chen

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在声誉、策略和社会规范的共同进化框架内,我们研究了惩罚在促进合作中的作用。规范的不同取决于它们是否允许惩罚行为成为策略的一部分,在前者的情况下,它们进一步取决于它们是否鼓励惩罚行为。在这样一个框架中,根据所应用的社会规范,玩家首先根据他们所采用的策略获得不同的声誉。在观察到不同策略的收益差异后,参与者会相应地更新策略。最后,在更长的时间范围内,社会规范的演变可能是由社会所有成员的平均收益驱动的。战略动态在不同的社会规范下得到阐述。研究发现,代价高昂的惩罚确实有助于合作的进化。不仅合作进化稳定态的吸引域变大,而且收敛到协同进化稳定态的速度也变快。如果惩罚行为受到社会规范的鼓励,这两个属性将进一步增强。
Within a co-evolutionary framework of reputations, strategies and social norms, we study the role of punishment in the promotion of cooperation. Norms differ according to whether they allow or do not allow the punishment action to be a part of the strategies, and, in the case of the former, they further differ in terms of whether they encourage or do not encourage the punishment action. In such a framework, depending on the applied social norm, players are first given different reputations based on their employed strategies. Players then update their strategies accordingly after they observe the payoff differences among different strategies. Finally, over a longer horizon, the evolution of the social norms may be driven by the average payoffs of all members of the society. The strategy dynamics are articulated under different social norms. It is found that costly punishment does contribute to the evolution toward cooperation. Not only does the attraction basin of the cooperative evolutionary stable state become larger, but the speed of convergence to the CESS also becomes faster. These two properties are further enhanced if the punishment action is encouraged by the social norm.
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