Excess risk and clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 in a large Norwegian cohort.
Excess risk and clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 in a large Norwegian cohort.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10654-022-00847-8
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发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Trogstad L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caspersen IH;Magnus P;Trogstad L
据报道，身体、心理和认知症状是COVID-19患者的急性后遗症，但在一般未感染人群中也很常见。我们的目标是计算超额风险，并确定COVID-19后长达12个月的22种症状的模式。在COVID-19大流行期间，我们在一项正在进行的队列研究中跟踪了70，000多名成年参与者，即挪威母亲，父亲和儿童队列研究（MoBa）。感染和未感染的参与者在2021年3月登记了22种不同的症状。感染后一年，根据感染者和未感染者之间的相对风险，22种症状中有13种与SARS-CoV-2感染有关。例如，17.4%的SARS-CoV-2感染队列参与者报告在感染后持续12个月的疲劳，而3.8%的未感染受试者（过度风险13.6%）持续不到12个月的疲劳新发生。调整后的疲劳相对风险为4.8（95% CI 3.5 - 6.7）。两个主要的潜在因素解释了13种症状的50%的变异。脑雾、记忆力差、头晕、心悸和疲劳在第一个因子上的负荷量较高，而呼吸急促和咳嗽在第二个因子上的负荷量较高。味觉和嗅觉的缺乏与其他症状表现出低至中度的相关性。焦虑、抑郁和情绪波动与COVID-19没有很大关系。我们的研究结果表明，由于不同的机制，COVID-19后出现了一系列症状，并质疑将长期COVID描述为一种综合征是否有意义。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1007/s10654 - 022 - 00847 - 8获取。
Physical, psychological and cognitive symptoms have been reported as post-acute sequelae for COVID-19 patients but are also common in the general uninfected population. We aimed to calculate the excess risk and identify patterns of 22 symptoms up to 12 months after COVID-19. We followed more than 70,000 adult participants in an ongoing cohort study, the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Infected and non-infected participants registered presence of 22 different symptoms in March 2021. One year after infection, 13 of 22 symptoms were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, based on relative risks between infected and uninfected subjects. For instance, 17.4% of SARS-CoV-2 infected cohort participants reported fatigue that persist 12 months after infection, compared to new occurrence of fatigue that had lasted less than 12 months in 3.8% of non-infected subjects (excess risk 13.6%). The adjusted relative risk for fatigue was 4.8 (95% CI 3.5–6.7). Two main underlying factors explained 50% of the variance in the 13 symptoms. Brain fog, poor memory, dizziness, heart palpitations, and fatigue had high loadings on the first factor, while shortness-of breath and cough had high loadings on the second factor. Lack of taste and smell showed low to moderate correlation to other symptoms. Anxiety, depression and mood swings were not strongly related to COVID-19. Our results suggest that there are clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 due to different mechanisms and question whether it is meaningful to describe long COVID as one syndrome. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10654-022-00847-8.
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