Mucin biopolymers prevent bacterial aggregation by retaining cells in the free-swimming state.
Mucin biopolymers prevent bacterial aggregation by retaining cells in the free-swimming state.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.028
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发表时间：
2012-12-18
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Ribbeck, Katharina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caldara, Marina;Friedlander, Ronn S.;Kavanaugh, Nicole L.;Aizenberg, Joanna;Foster, Kevin R.;Ribbeck, Katharina
许多种类的细菌形成被称为生物膜的表面附着群落。这些聚集体被分泌的聚合物包围，难以预防和根除，给医学和工业带来了问题。人类是数百万亿微生物的宿主，这些微生物生活在我们的上皮细胞附近，我们通常能够防止有害的定植。粘液，覆盖在身体所有湿上皮细胞上的水凝胶，可以防止细菌与下面的组织接触。例如，消化道由通常没有细菌的牢固粘附的粘液层内衬，随后是含有大量细菌的第二松散粘附层。在这里，我们调查粘液的作用作为一个原则竞技场宿主微生物相互作用。使用定义的体外测定，我们发现粘蛋白生物聚合物，粘液的主要功能成分，促进嗜热菌的运动，并防止其粘附到下面的表面。然而，运动基因的缺失允许铜绿假单胞菌克服粘液的分散作用并形成悬浮的耐抗生素絮凝物，其反映了在囊性纤维化肺粘液中发现的不动的天然分离物的聚集形态。粘液可以提供针对细菌毒力的新策略，例如为植入物设计抗生物膜涂层。
Many species of bacteria form surface-attached communities known as biofilms. Surrounded in secreted polymers, these aggregates are difficult to both prevent and eradicate, posing problems for medicine and industry. Humans play host to hundreds of trillions of microbes that live adjacent to our epithelia and we are typically able to prevent harmful colonization. Mucus, the hydrogel overlying all wet epithelia in the body, can prevent bacterial contact with the underlying tissue. The digestive tract, for example, is lined by a firmly adherent mucus layer that is typically devoid of bacteria, followed by a second, loosely adherent layer that contains numerous bacteria. Here, we investigate mucus's role as a principle arena for host-microbe interactions. Using defined in vitro assays, we found that mucin biopolymers, the main functional constituents of mucus, promote the motility of planktonic bacteria, and prevent their adhesion to underlying surfaces. The deletion of motility genes, however, allows Pseudomonas aeruginosa to overcome the dispersive effects of mucus and form suspended antibiotic-resistant flocs, which mirror the clustered morphology of immotile natural isolates found in the cystic fibrosis lung mucus. Mucus may offer new strategies to target bacterial virulence, such as the design of anti-biofilm coatings for implants.
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