“I let it go:” Quantifying residential guardianship intentions when witnessing wildlife poaching
“I let it go:” Quantifying residential guardianship intentions when witnessing wildlife poaching
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– 我放手了： – 量化目睹野生动物偷猎时的住宅监护意图
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109829
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Gore, Meredith L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kahler, Jessica S.;Reynald, Danielle M.;Gore, Meredith L.
在偷猎阶段，让社区参与预防野生动物犯罪的必要性尤为突出，特别是在社区与野生动物重叠的生物多样性地区，并且对正式执法的充分限制和担忧仍然存在。监护权是犯罪学的一个概念，它考察利益相关者承担非正式保护者角色并干预阻止犯罪的意愿。虽然它在概念上与管理有关，但详细阐述犯罪学的保护监护概念使我们能够了解情境和动机因素，以及增加预防犯罪干预措施的障碍和机会。我们制定了监护意向指数 (GII)，该指数量化了受访者所报告的监督意愿、发现犯罪者的感知能力，以及在目睹印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛南武吉巴里桑国家公园附近或居住的社区 (N= 10) 内发生野生动物偷猎行为时进行干预的意愿。这使我们能够探索监护维度与态度和人口特征之间的潜在关系。在我们的研究人群（N = 400）中，我们发现人口统计和态度维度影响受访者表示的干预意愿，并且在干预者（例如，致电当局）和那些表示不干预意图（例如，加入、忽视、秘密监控）之间存在差异。然而，那些在目睹偷猎行为时表示愿意进行干预的受访者往往表示不太愿意监督公园内的非法活动。解析监护行为和影响这些行为的态度的差异，为基于社区的野生动物犯罪预防提供了新的切入点，并可能有助于在更广泛的范围内增加对野生动物管理的激励措施。
The need to engage communities in wildlife crime prevention is particularly salient at the poaching stage, especially in biodiverse areas where communities overlap with wildlife, and ample constraints to and concerns about formal law enforcement persist. Guardianship is a concept from criminology that examines the willingness of stakeholders to assume informal roles as protectors and intervene to disrupt crimes. While it is conceptually related to stewardship, elaborating criminology's concept of guardianship in conservation allows us to develop an understanding of situational and motivational factors, and the obstacles and opportunities for increased crime preventing interventions. We developed a Guardianship Intention Index (GII) that quantifies respondents' reported willingness to supervise, perceived ability to detect offenders, and willingness to intervene when witnessing wildlife poaching within communities (N= 10) adjacent to or living in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia. This allowed us to explore potential relationships between guardianship dimensions and attitudinal and demographic characteristics. Among our study population (N= 400), we found that demographic and attitudinal dimensions affected respondents' stated willingness to intervene and varied between interveners (e.g., call authorities) and those that stated non-intervention intentions (e.g., join in, ignore, covert monitoring). However, the same respondents that reported a high intention to intervene when witnessing poaching often expressed low willingness to supervise for illegal activities in the park. Parsing out differences in guardianship behavior and attitudes influencing those behaviors provides new entry points for community-based wildlife crime prevention and may facilitate efforts to increase incentives for wildlife stewardship, more broadly.
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