Changes in alcohol use by cannabis use status among adolescents and young adults in the United States: Emerging evidence for both substitution and complementarity.
Changes in alcohol use by cannabis use status among adolescents and young adults in the United States: Emerging evidence for both substitution and complementarity.
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DOI：
10.1111/acer.14737
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发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Goodwin RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weinberger AH;Zhu J;Levin J;Moeller SJ;McKee SA;Goodwin RD
大多数吸食大麻的青少年和年轻人 (AYA) 也会饮酒。在美国，大麻的使用正在增加，目前尚不清楚这种增加是否会导致酒精和大麻的共同使用（例如互补性）或用大麻替代酒精（例如替代）。目前的研究估计了 2018 年美国 12-25 岁 AYA 中按大麻使用状况划分的酒精使用流行率，以及 2002 年至 2018 年按大麻使用状况划分的酒精使用趋势。数据取自 2002-2018 年国家药物使用和健康调查 (NSDUH) 公共使用数据文件。分析样本包括 12 至 25 岁的 AYA（2018 年样本，n=26,924；2002-2018 年合并样本总数，n=576,053）。使用线性和逻辑回归模型来估计 2002 年至 2018 年过去一个月使用和不使用大麻的 AYA 中过去一个月的饮酒量、每日饮酒量和平均饮酒量。2018 年，与不使用大麻的 AYA 相比，任何饮酒和每日饮酒的情况明显更常见。总体而言，从 2002 年到 2018 年，吸食和不吸食大麻的 AYA 的饮酒量、每日饮酒量和平均饮酒量均有所下降。与不使用大麻的 AYA 相比，使用大麻（每日和非每日）的 AYA 的任何酒精使用量、每日酒精使用量和每日平均酒精饮料下降速度更快。与非日常大麻使用相比，每天使用大麻的 AYA 每天平均饮酒量下降的速度也更快。与不使用大麻的 AYA 相比，饮酒仍然更为常见。虽然目前 AYA 中酒精和大麻使用的数据与互补效应比替代效应更一致，但随着大麻合法化随着时间的推移，这些关系可能会发生变化。
The majority of adolescents and young adults (AYA) who use cannabis also use alcohol. Cannabis use is increasing in the United States (US) and it is not known whether this increase may lead to increased co-use of alcohol and cannabis (e.g., complementarity) or replacement of alcohol with cannabis (e.g., substitution). The current study estimated the prevalence of alcohol use by cannabis use status among US AYA ages 12–25 in 2018 and trends in alcohol use by cannabis use status from 2002 to 2018. Data were drawn from the 2002–2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) public use data files. The analytic sample included AYA ages 12 to 25 (2018 sample, n=26,924; total combined sample 2002–2018, n=576,053). Linear and logistic regression models were run to estimate past-month alcohol use, daily alcohol use, and average quantity of alcohol consumed among AYA with and without past-month cannabis use from 2002 to 2018. In 2018, any alcohol use and daily alcohol use were significantly more common among AYA with versus without cannabis use. Overall, any alcohol use, daily alcohol use, and average drinks per day declined from 2002 to 2018 among AYA who did and did not use cannabis. The speed of decline in any alcohol use, daily alcohol use, and average alcohol drinks per day was more rapid among AYA who used cannabis (daily and non-daily) versus did not use cannabis. The rate of decline in average alcohol drinks per day was also more rapid among AYA with daily compared to non-daily cannabis use. Alcohol use remains much more common among AYA with versus without cannabis use. While the current data on alcohol and cannabis use among AYA are more consistent with complementarity effects than substitution effects, these relationships may change as cannabis legalization expands over time.
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