Antimicrobial surfaces containing cationic nanoparticles: how immobilized, clustered, and protruding cationic charge presentation affects killing activity and kinetics.
Antimicrobial surfaces containing cationic nanoparticles: how immobilized, clustered, and protruding cationic charge presentation affects killing activity and kinetics.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.10.043
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Santore MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fang B;Jiang Y;Nüsslein K;Rotello VM;Santore MM
这项工作探讨了净负表面的抗微生物（杀伤）活性如何取决于抗菌阳离子功能的呈现：分布与聚集，平面簇与凸起簇。具体来说，杀死S的能力。金黄色葡萄球菌的稀疏分布的10 nm的阳离子纳米粒子，固定在负表面上，并用PEG（聚乙二醇）刷回填，与相同的固定化纳米粒子的致密层进行了比较。此外，稀疏分布的10 nm聚-l-赖氨酸（PLL）线圈，吸附到一个表面，以产生平坦的阳离子“补丁”和回填的PEG刷进行了比较，饱和的吸附层的PLL。后者类似于经典的均匀阳离子抗菌表面。阳离子簇的突出显著影响杀灭，但簇的表面浓度影响较小，只要细菌粘附。当表面以细菌粘附所需的最小纳米颗粒和贴片密度官能化时，在30分钟内杀灭活性是显著的，并且在2小时内几乎完全。在更密集官能化的表面上观察到基本上相同的杀伤。与含有类似阳离子但平坦特征（PLL贴片）的表面相比，含有突出（约8 nm）纳米颗粒的表面实现了快速杀灭（在30分钟时）。重要的是，簇内阳离子官能团的整体表面密度低于所报道的抗微生物作用的阈值。同样令人惊讶的是，与游离在溶液中相比，表面固定的纳米颗粒更加致命。这些发现支持了一种涉及界面应力的杀伤机制。
This work examines how the antimicrobial (killing) activity of net-negative surfaces depends on the presentation of antimicrobial cationic functionality: distributed versus clustered, and flat clusters versus raised clusters. Specifically, the ability to kill S. aureus by sparsely distributed 10 nm cationic nanoparticles, immobilized on a negative surface and backfilled with a PEG (polyethylene glycol) brush, was compared with that for a dense layer of the same immobilized nanoparticles. Additionally, sparsely distributed 10 nm poly-l-lysine (PLL) coils, adsorbed to a surface to produce flat cationic “patches” and backfilled with a PEG brush were compared to a saturated adsorbed layer of PLL. The latter resembled classical uniformly cationic antimicrobial surfaces. The protrusion of the cationic clusters substantially influenced killing but the surface concentration of the clusters had minor impact, as long as bacteria adhered. When surfaces were functionalized at the minimum nanoparticle and patch densities needed for bacterial adhesion, killing activity was substantial within 30 minutes and nearly complete within 2 hours. Essentially identical killing was observed on more densely-functionalized surfaces. Surfaces containing protruding (by about 8 nm) nanoparticles accomplished rapid killing (at 30 minutes) compared with surfaces containing similarly cationic but flat features (PLL patches). Importantly, the overall surface density of cationic functionality within the clusters was lower than reported thresholds for antimicrobial action. Also surprising, the nanoparticles were far more deadly when surface-immobilized compared with free in solution. These findings support a killing mechanism involving interfacial stress.
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