Dark Rearing Promotes the Recovery of Visual Cortical Responses but Not the Morphology of Geniculocortical Axons in Amblyopic Cat.
Dark Rearing Promotes the Recovery of Visual Cortical Responses but Not the Morphology of Geniculocortical Axons in Amblyopic Cat.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncir.2021.637638
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Hata Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gotou T;Kameyama K;Kobayashi A;Okamura K;Ando T;Terata K;Yamada C;Ohta H;Morizane A;Hata Y
出生后早期单眼视觉剥夺（MD）导致弱视，初级视皮层中的大多数神经元失去对闭眼的反应。在解剖学上，外侧膝状体（LGN）的闭眼受体层中的神经元胞体收缩，其投射到视觉皮层的轴突缩回。虽然在成熟后很难恢复视力，但最近对啮齿动物和猫的研究表明，暴露于完全黑暗中一段时间可以促进先前MD引起的弱视的恢复。然而，在具有与人类相似的中央视觉通路组织的猫中，暗饲养的效果仅改善单眼视觉，并且不能恢复双眼深度感知。为了确定暗饲养是否可以完全恢复视觉通路，我们研究了其对MD的三个主要伴随因素在单个视觉神经元，视觉皮层神经元的眼睛偏好和LGN神经元的索马大小和轴突形态的影响。与双眼条件下的恢复相比，暗饲养改善了闭眼时视觉皮层反应的恢复。然而，膝状皮质轴突服务于闭上的眼睛仍然收回后，黑暗饲养，而重新打开闭上的眼睛恢复LGN神经元的索马大小。这些结果表明，暗饲养不完全恢复视觉通路，从而对视觉功能产生有限的恢复作用。
Monocular deprivation (MD) of vision during early postnatal life induces amblyopia, and most neurons in the primary visual cortex lose their responses to the closed eye. Anatomically, the somata of neurons in the closed-eye recipient layer of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) shrink and their axons projecting to the visual cortex retract. Although it has been difficult to restore visual acuity after maturation, recent studies in rodents and cats showed that a period of exposure to complete darkness could promote recovery from amblyopia induced by prior MD. However, in cats, which have an organization of central visual pathways similar to humans, the effect of dark rearing only improves monocular vision and does not restore binocular depth perception. To determine whether dark rearing can completely restore the visual pathway, we examined its effect on the three major concomitants of MD in individual visual neurons, eye preference of visual cortical neurons and soma size and axon morphology of LGN neurons. Dark rearing improved the recovery of visual cortical responses to the closed eye compared with the recovery under binocular conditions. However, geniculocortical axons serving the closed eye remained retracted after dark rearing, whereas reopening the closed eye restored the soma size of LGN neurons. These results indicate that dark rearing incompletely restores the visual pathway, and thus exerts a limited restorative effect on visual function.
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