Long‐term mechanistic hindcasts predict the structure of experimentally‐warmed intertidal communities

Long‐term mechanistic hindcasts predict the structure of experimentally‐warmed intertidal communities
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长期机械后报预测了实验性变暖的潮间带群落的结构

DOI:
10.1111/oik.07468
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Denny, Mark W.
Denny, Mark W.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
LaScala‐Gruenewald, Diana E.;Denny, Mark W.

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预计未来几年全球气温的上升将对物种的丰度和分布产生巨大影响。潮间带生物,已经经历的温度或超过其热极限,提供了一个模型系统,在其中调查这些影响。我们利用了之前的一项研究,在该研究中,实验板被部署在潮间带,并被动加热12年,使日最高温度平均比邻近基岩上的对照地块高2.7°C。我们比较了每个实验板上的生物群落的组成与其相邻的基岩控制。板社区表现出减少丰富的类群和百分比覆盖的丝状藻类,贻贝和移动的食草动物相对于基岩,和增加百分比覆盖的生物膜。然后,我们使用短期时间序列测量的板块和基岩温度和一个机械热预算模型来回溯这些温度12年。实验板块和基岩对照之间长期平均温度的较大差异与群落组成的较低相似性相关。此外,板块和基岩温度之间的平均差异较高的年份更能预测板块和基岩群落之间目前的成分相似性,即使它们发生在过去比最近更远,但更冷的年份。我们的结论是,目前的潮间带群落反映了他们的长期,而不是短期,热历史。基于短期测量的机械热平衡模型可以提供这种有价值的长期信息。
Increases in global temperatures are expected to have dramatic effects on the abundance and distribution of species in the coming years. Intertidal organisms, which already experience temperatures at or beyond their thermal limits, provide a model system in which to investigate these effects. We took advantage of a previous study in which experimental plates were deployed in the intertidal zone and passively warmed for 12 years to a daily maximum temperature on average 2.7°C higher than control plots on the adjacent bedrock. We compared the composition of the biological communities on each experimental plate with its neighboring bedrock control. Plate communities showed decreased richness of taxa and percent cover of filamentous algae, mussels and mobile grazers relative to bedrock, and increased percent cover of biofilm. We then used short‐term time‐series measurements of plate and bedrock temperatures and a mechanistic heat‐budget model to hindcast those temperatures back 12 years. Greater differences in long‐term average temperature between the experimental plates and bedrock controls were correlated with lower similarity in community composition. Additionally, years with higher average differences between plate and bedrock temperatures were more predictive of current compositional similarity between plate and bedrock communities, even though they occurred farther in the past than did more recent, but cooler, years. We conclude that current intertidal communities reflect their long‐term, rather than short‐term, thermal histories. Mechanistic heat‐budget models based on short‐term measurements can provide this valuable, long‐term information.
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