Biological basis of radiation protection needs rejuvenation.

Biological basis of radiation protection needs rejuvenation.
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DOI:
10.1080/09553002.2017.1294773
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发表时间:
2017-10
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Woloschak GE
Woloschak GE
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Paunesku T;Haley B;Brooks A;Woloschak GE

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人类在许多不同的情况下都会遇到辐射——从接近放射性废物场所到参与使用x射线的医疗程序等。辐照限度受法律管制;然而,目前的辐射防护政策并未明确承认低剂量和低剂量率辐射的生物、细胞和分子效应不同于中剂量和高剂量辐射照射引起的效应。生物学和医学的最新技术发展,从单细胞技术到大数据计算研究,为低剂量辐射的生物学研究提供了新的方法。迄今为止所做的工作结果支持这样一种观点,即低剂量辐射的影响与高剂量辐射的影响不同;然而,这项工作还远远不足以发展一个了解低剂量辐射照射所需的新理论框架。为了制定更好的辐射防护政策,有必要从机理上了解低剂量辐射的影响。
Human beings encounter radiation in many different situations – from proximity to radioactive waste sites to participation in medical procedures using X-rays etc. Limits for radiation exposures are legally regulated; however, current radiation protection policy does not explicitly acknowledge that biological, cellular and molecular effects of low doses and low dose rates of radiation differ from effects induced by medium and high dose radiation exposures. Recent technical developments in biology and medicine, from single cell techniques to big data computational research, have enabled new approaches for study of biology of low doses of radiation. Results of the work done so far support the idea that low doses of radiation have effects that differ from those associated with high dose exposures; this work, however, is far from sufficient for the development of a new theoretical framework needed for the understanding of low dose radiation exposures. Mechanistic understanding of radiation effects at low doses is necessary in order to develop better radiation protection policy.
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