RNAi as an emerging approach to control Fusarium head blight disease and mycotoxin contamination in cereals.

RNAi as an emerging approach to control Fusarium head blight disease and mycotoxin contamination in cereals.
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DOI:
10.1002/ps.4748
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发表时间:
2018-04
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Hammond-Kosack KE
Hammond-Kosack KE
中科院分区:
农林科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Machado AK;Brown NA;Urban M;Kanyuka K;Hammond-Kosack KE

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禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum)是一种重要的禾谷类植物病原真菌,可引起禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium head blisten,FHB)等禾谷类植物的苗期、茎基部和花部病害。除了产量和品质损失外,FHB还使谷物受到包括脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇在内的真菌毒素的污染,这些毒素对人类、动物和生态系统健康有害。目前,FHB控制只是部分有效,由于几个棘手的问题。RNA干扰(RNAi)是一种调节基因表达的天然机制。RNAi已被用于开发新的基因组工具,其允许靶向沉默许多真核生物中的感兴趣的基因。宿主诱导的基因沉默(HIGS)是一种转基因技术,用于在尝试感染期间使植物中的真菌基因沉默,从而降低疾病水平。HIGS依赖于宿主植物产生移动的小干扰RNA分子的能力,这些小干扰RNA分子由长双链RNA产生,与靶向真菌基因互补。这些分子通过一种未知的机制从植物转移到入侵的真菌中,导致基因沉默。在这里,我们描述了RNAi介导的植物病原真菌控制的最新进展,突出了主要的优点和缺点。然后,我们讨论了HIGS与其他疾病控制方法相结合的发展和影响。版权所有© 2017作者.由John Wiley & Sons有限公司代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。
Fusarium graminearum is a major fungal pathogen of cereals worldwide, causing seedling, stem base and floral diseases, including Fusarium head blight (FHB). In addition to yield and quality losses, FHB contaminates cereal grain with mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol, which are harmful to human, animal and ecosystem health. Currently, FHB control is only partially effective due to several intractable problems. RNA interference (RNAi) is a natural mechanism that regulates gene expression. RNAi has been exploited in the development of new genomic tools that allow the targeted silencing of genes of interest in many eukaryotes. Host‐induced gene silencing (HIGS) is a transgenic technology used to silence fungal genes in planta during attempted infection and thereby reduces disease levels. HIGS relies on the host plant's ability to produce mobile small interfering RNA molecules, generated from long double‐stranded RNA, which are complementary to targeted fungal genes. These molecules are transferred from the plant to invading fungi via an uncharacterised mechanism, to cause gene silencing. Here, we describe recent advances in RNAi‐mediated control of plant pathogenic fungi, highlighting the key advantages and disadvantages. We then discuss the developments and implications of combining HIGS with other methods of disease control. © 2017 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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