The Mediating Role of Coping Style in the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Burnout among Chinese Nurses.
The Mediating Role of Coping Style in the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Burnout among Chinese Nurses.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0122128
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sui H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding Y;Yang Y;Yang X;Zhang T;Qiu X;He X;Wang W;Wang L;Sui H
职业倦怠被认为是一种职业危害，而护士职业倦怠的风险很高。本研究旨在探讨中国护士心理资本与职业倦怠的关系，以及应对方式在二者关系中的中介作用。调查对象为大庆市两所大型综合医院的1,496名护士，有效应答率为80.11%。采用中国人工作倦怠量表（CMBI）、心理资本问卷（PCQ-24）、中国人特质应对方式问卷（TCSQ）、人口学资料和医患关系资料进行数据收集。采用分层线性回归分析探讨积极应对和消极应对的中介作用，并采用Bootstrap方法验证其中介作用。护士的自我效能感、希望、韧性和乐观与情绪衰竭、去人格化和成就感降低呈负相关。积极应对在希望/乐观与情绪衰竭、自我效能/乐观与个人成就感降低之间起部分中介作用。消极应对在自我效能感与情绪耗竭的关系中起完全中介作用，在回归模型中自我效能感与情绪耗竭呈正相关。消极应对在希望/乐观与情绪衰竭、乐观与去人格化之间起部分中介作用。PsyCap对护士工作倦怠有影响，应对方式在二者关系中起中介作用。自我效能感强的护士采用的消极应对方式较多，而消极应对方式会导致较高的情绪耗竭水平。这些结果揭示了消极应对方式对护士职业倦怠的影响，积极应对方式是对抗护士职业倦怠的积极资源。因此，为避免消极应对方式的发生，提高应对技能，增强护士的心理能力，应积极开展干预措施。
Burnout is recognized as an occupational hazard, and nursing has a high risk of burnout. This study aims to explore the relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap) and burnout among Chinese nurses and the mediating role of coping style in this relationship. A total of 1,496 nurses (effective response rate: 80.11%) from two large general hospitals in Daqing City of China were selected as participants. Data were collected via the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory (CMBI), the psychological capital questionnaire (PCQ-24), the Chinese Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ) and demographic and caregiver-patient relationship. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to explore the mediating role of positive coping and negative coping, and we used the Bootstrap method to confirm the mediating effect. Self-efficacy, hope, resilience and optimism of nurses were all negatively related with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment among Chinese nurses. Positive coping partially mediated the relationship between hope/optimism and emotional exhaustion and between self-efficacy/optimism and reduced personal accomplishment. Negative coping fully mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and emotional exhaustion, and in the regression model self-efficacy was positively correlated with emotional exhaustion. And negative coping also partially mediated the relationship between hope/optimism and emotional exhaustion and between optimism and depersonalization. PsyCap had effects on burnout and coping style was a mediator in this relationship among Chinese nurses. Nurses who had a strong sense of self-efficacy adopted more negative coping style, which in turn would lead to higher levels of emotional exhaustion. These findings shed light on the influence of negative coping on burnout, and positive coping was a positive resource for fighting against nurses’ burnout. Hence, in order to avoid negative coping style, improve skill of coping and enhance PsyCap of nurses, active interventions should be developed in the future.
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