Using Google Street View to audit neighborhood environments.
Using Google Street View to audit neighborhood environments.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2010.09.034
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发表时间：
2011-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Teitler JO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rundle AG;Bader MD;Richards CA;Neckerman KM;Teitler JO
研究表明，邻里环境特征，如身体障碍，影响健康和健康行为。对社区环境的亲自审计既昂贵又耗时。谷歌街景可能可以更轻松、更低成本地审计社区环境，但人们对此类数据收集的可行性知之甚少。评估使用谷歌街景审计邻里环境的可行性。这项研究比较了2008年使用街景编码的邻里测量数据和2007年收集的邻里审计数据。样本包括纽约市高步行能力社区的37个街区。收集了与7个社区环境建设相关的143个项目的现场审计和街景数据：美学，身体障碍，行人安全，机动化交通和停车，主动旅行的基础设施，人行道设施，以及社会和商业活动。为了测量现场审计和街景数据之间的一致性，百分比一致性用于分类测量，斯皮尔曼等级顺序相关性用于连续测量。2009年进行的分析发现，54.3%的项目具有较高的一致性（一致率≥80%或斯皮尔曼等级顺序相关性≥60%）。行人安全、机动车交通和停车以及积极出行的基础设施的措施具有相对较高的一致性，而身体障碍的措施水平较低。小的或通常表现出时间变异性的特征具有较低的一致性水平。这项探索性研究表明，谷歌街景可以用来审计邻里环境。
Research indicates that neighborhood environment characteristics such as physical disorder influence health and health behavior. In-person audit of neighborhood environments is costly and time-consuming. Google Street View may allow auditing of neighborhood environments more easily and at lower cost, but little is known about the feasibility of such data collection. To assess the feasibility of using Google Street View to audit neighborhood environments. This study compared neighborhood measurements coded in 2008 using Street View with neighborhood audit data collected in 2007. The sample included 37 block faces in high-walkability neighborhoods in New York City. Field audit and Street View data were collected for 143 items associated with seven neighborhood environment constructions: aesthetics, physical disorder, pedestrian safety, motorized traffic and parking, infrastructure for active travel, sidewalk amenities, and social and commercial activity. To measure concordance between field audit and Street View data, percentage agreement was used for categoric measures and Spearman rank-order correlations were used for continuous measures. The analyses, conducted in 2009, found high levels of concordance (≥80% agreement or ≥60% Spearman rank-order correlation) for 54.3% of the items. Measures of pedestrian safety, motorized traffic and parking, and infrastructure for active travel had relatively high levels of concordance, while measures of physical disorder had low levels. Features that are small or that typically exhibit temporal variability had lower levels of concordance. This exploratory study indicates that Google Street View can be used to audit neighborhood environments.
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