Ion Channels in the Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus (PVN); Emerging Diversity and Functional Roles.
Ion Channels in the Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus (PVN); Emerging Diversity and Functional Roles.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2018.00760
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Barrett-Jolley R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feetham CH;O'Brien F;Barrett-Jolley R
下丘脑室旁核（PVN）是调节体内平衡功能的关键。虽然它对内分泌调节也很重要，但它被称为“自主主控制器”。逐渐形成的共识是，PVN是一个多功能核，具有自主功能，包括（但不限于）心血管、体温调节、代谢、昼夜节律和应激反应的协调。然而，这些多功能作用背后的细胞机制仍然知之甚少。来自PVN的神经元投射并能改变髓质和脊髓交感神经控制区的功能。交感前自主神经元功能障碍（典型的过度活跃）与高血压和心力衰竭等多种疾病有关，用特定的药物或生物制剂靶向该区域是一个有前景的医学研究领域。然而，为了促进未来PVN的医学利用，需要更详细的神经元控制模型；由更多的组成离子通道组成。虽然PVN中存在的细胞结构、突起和神经递质有相当好的文献记载，但关于离子通道的表达和相互作用的研究较少。在这篇综述中，我们汇集了PVN离子通道研究的最新分析，并讨论了这些通道如何相互作用来控制，特别是交感神经系统的活动。
The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is critical for the regulation of homeostatic function. Although also important for endocrine regulation, it has been referred to as the “autonomic master controller.” The emerging consensus is that the PVN is a multifunctional nucleus, with autonomic roles including (but not limited to) coordination of cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, metabolic, circadian and stress responses. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying these multifunctional roles remain poorly understood. Neurones from the PVN project to and can alter the function of sympathetic control regions in the medulla and spinal cord. Dysfunction of sympathetic pre-autonomic neurones (typically hyperactivity) is linked to several diseases including hypertension and heart failure and targeting this region with specific pharmacological or biological agents is a promising area of medical research. However, to facilitate future medical exploitation of the PVN, more detailed models of its neuronal control are required; populated by a greater compliment of constituent ion channels. Whilst the cytoarchitecture, projections and neurotransmitters present in the PVN are reasonably well documented, there have been fewer studies on the expression and interplay of ion channels. In this review we bring together an up to date analysis of PVN ion channel studies and discuss how these channels may interact to control, in particular, the activity of the sympathetic system.
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