Antarctic marine biodiversity--what do we know about the distribution of life in the Southern Ocean?
Antarctic marine biodiversity--what do we know about the distribution of life in the Southern Ocean?
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0011683
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发表时间：
2010-08-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Griffiths HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Griffiths HJ
遥远而充满敌意的南大洋是多样而丰富的生命群落的家园，它们在冰川和强流主导的环境中茁壮成长。该区域的海洋生物学研究可以追溯到19世纪，但尽管有很长的研究历史，人们对高度季节性的物理环境与居住在南大洋的物种之间的复杂相互作用知之甚少。在海洋方面，南大洋是全球海洋环流的主要驱动力，在与太平洋、大西洋和印度洋的深水环流相互作用方面发挥着至关重要的作用。南极海洋生物普查和南极研究科学委员会海洋生物多样性信息网努力协调和统一现有的科学专门知识和生物多样性数据，以增进我们对南大洋生物多样性的了解。编撰了所有海洋物种的分类名录，形成了《南极海洋物种登记册》，目前包括8,200多个物种。SCAR-MarBIN收集了100多万个南大洋物种的分布记录，形成了一个可以判断未来变化的基线。绘制了来自不同地区的已知物种的样本位置和数量，并绘制了海底样本的深度分布。我们对南大洋生物多样性的了解在很大程度上取决于该区域相对较难进入。海底采样在很大程度上局限于大陆架；对深海动物的了解很少。科学基地的位置对样本和观测数据的分布模式有很大影响，而后勤补给路线是许多海上和远洋工作的重点。软体动物和棘皮动物等分类群在具有大量地理参考记录的现有数据集中得到了很好的表示。其他分类群，包括物种丰富的线虫，仅由少数数字记录代表。
The remote and hostile Southern Ocean is home to a diverse and rich community of life that thrives in an environment dominated by glaciations and strong currents. Marine biological studies in the region date back to the nineteenth century, but despite this long history of research, relatively little is known about the complex interactions between the highly seasonal physical environment and the species that inhabit the Southern Ocean. Oceanographically, the Southern Ocean is a major driver of global ocean circulation and plays a vital role in interacting with the deep water circulation in each of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans. The Census of Antarctic Marine Life and the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research Marine Biodiversity Information Network (SCAR-MarBIN) have strived to coordinate and unify the available scientific expertise and biodiversity data to improve our understanding of Southern Ocean biodiversity. Taxonomic lists for all marine species have been compiled to form the Register of Antarctic Marine Species, which currently includes over 8,200 species. SCAR-MarBIN has brought together over 1 million distribution records for Southern Ocean species, forming a baseline against which future change can be judged. The sample locations and numbers of known species from different regions were mapped and the depth distributions of benthic samples plotted. Our knowledge of the biodiversity of the Southern Ocean is largely determined by the relative inaccessibility of the region. Benthic sampling is largely restricted to the shelf; little is known about the fauna of the deep sea. The location of scientific bases heavily influences the distribution pattern of sample and observation data, and the logistical supply routes are the focus of much of the at-sea and pelagic work. Taxa such as mollusks and echinoderms are well represented within existing datasets with high numbers of georeferenced records. Other taxa, including the species-rich nematodes, are represented by just a handful of digital records.
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影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Griffiths, Huw J.;Linse, Katrin;Barnes, David K. A.
通讯作者：
Barnes, David K. A.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Clarke, Andrew;Griffiths, Huw J.;Crame, J. Alistair
通讯作者：
Crame, J. Alistair
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Hempel, Gotthilf
通讯作者：
Hempel, Gotthilf
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Hillenbrand, CD;Grobe, H;Fütterer, DK
通讯作者：
Fütterer, DK
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Meredith, MP;King, JC
通讯作者：
King, JC