Estimation of the diesel exhaust exposures of railroad workers: I. Current exposures.

Estimation of the diesel exhaust exposures of railroad workers: I. Current exposures.
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铁路工人柴油机尾气暴露估算: I. 当前暴露。

DOI:
10.1002/ajim.4700130307
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发表时间:
1988
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Speizer,FE
Speizer,FE
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Woskie,SR;Smith,TJ;Hammond,SK;Schenker,MB;Garshick,E;Speizer,FE

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作为对铁路工人进行的一系列流行病学研究的一部分,对工人接触柴油废气的特征进行了测量。由于柴油机废气不是单一化合物,因此需要一种接触标记物。在三年的时间里,在美国四家铁路公司对39种常见工作中的530多名工人的可吸入颗粒物(RPM)个人暴露进行了测量。在这些样本中发现了大量的香烟烟雾(20-90%)。因此,可吸入颗粒物浓度,调整以消除香烟烟雾(阿普)的分数,被选为柴油机废气暴露的标志。阿普几何平均暴露量为17 μg/m3(职员)~ 134 μg/m3(机车车间工人)。在一些工作组中观察到显著的铁路间差异,表明铁路之间发现的不同设施,设备和工作实践会影响工人对柴油机废气的接触。研究还发现,气候对某些职业群体的接触有重大影响。
As a part of a series of epidemiological studies of railroad workers, measurements were made to characterize workers' exposures to diesel exhaust. Since diesel exhaust is not a single compound, an exposure marker was sought. The personal exposures to respirable particulate matter (RPM) of over 530 workers in 39 common jobs were measured in four U.S. railroads over a three‐year period. Significant amounts of cigarette smoke (20–90%) were found in many of these samples. Therefore, the respirable particulate concentration, adjusted to remove the fraction of cigarette smoke (ARP), was chosen as a marker of diesel exhaust exposures. The geometric mean exposures to ARP ranged from 17 μg/m3for clerks to 134 μg/m3for locomotive shop workers. Significant interrailroad variations were observed in some job groups indicating that the different facilities, equipment, and work practices found among the railroads can affect a worker's exposure to diesel exhaust. Climate was also found to have a significant effect on exposure in some job groups.
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