Emotional experience improves with age: evidence based on over 10 years of experience sampling.
Emotional experience improves with age: evidence based on over 10 years of experience sampling.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0021285
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发表时间：
2011-03
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nesselroade JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carstensen LL;Turan B;Scheibe S;Ram N;Ersner-Hershfield H;Samanez-Larkin GR;Brooks KP;Nesselroade JR
近期证据表明，从成年早期到老年，情绪健康状况会有所改善。本研究采用经验取样法，对涵盖成年早期到极晚期的具有代表性的成年人样本的情绪体验发展过程进行了研究。参与者（第一波有184人；第二波有191人；第三波有178人）在一周时间内每天随机选取五个时间报告他们的情绪状态。采用测量爆发设计，一周的取样程序在五年后和十年后重复进行。横断面和增长曲线分析表明，衰老与更积极的整体情绪健康、更强的情绪稳定性以及更复杂的情绪（表现为正负情绪更常同时出现）有关。在考虑了可能与情绪体验相关的其他变量（人格、语言流畅性、身体健康和人口统计学变量）之后，这些发现仍然很可靠。最后，情绪体验可预测死亡率；在控制了年龄、性别和种族因素后，在日常生活中体验到的积极情绪相对多于消极情绪的个体在13年期间更有可能存活。研究结果在社会情绪选择理论的理论背景下进行了讨论。
Recent evidence suggests that emotional well-being improves from early adulthood to old age. This study used experience-sampling to examine the developmental course of emotional experience in a representative sample of adults spanning early to very late adulthood. Participants (N = 184, Wave 1; N = 191, Wave 2; N = 178, Wave 3) reported their emotional states at five randomly selected times each day for a one week period. Using a measurement burst design, the one-week sampling procedure was repeated five and then ten years later. Cross-sectional and growth curve analyses indicate that aging is associated with more positive overall emotional well-being, with greater emotional stability and with more complexity (as evidenced by greater co-occurrence of positive and negative emotions). These findings remained robust after accounting for other variables that may be related to emotional experience (personality, verbal fluency, physical health, and demographic variables). Finally, emotional experience predicted mortality; controlling for age, sex, and ethnicity, individuals who experienced relatively more positive than negative emotions in everyday life were more likely to have survived over a 13 year period. Findings are discussed in the theoretical context of socioemotional selectivity theory.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
Brown, KW;Moskowitz, DS
通讯作者：
Moskowitz, DS
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Griffin, Paul W.;Mroczek, Daniel K.;Spiro, Avron, III
通讯作者：
Spiro, Avron, III
影响因子：
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作者：
Gerstorf D;Ram N;Estabrook R;Schupp J;Wagner GG;Lindenberger U
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Blanchard-Fields, F
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作者：
Ersner-Hershfield, Hal;Mikels, Joseph A.;Carstensen, Laura L.
通讯作者：
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