New insights into P2X7 receptor regulation: Ca(2+)-calmodulin and GDP bind to the soluble P2X7 ballast domain.

New insights into P2X7 receptor regulation: Ca(2+)-calmodulin and GDP bind to the soluble P2X7 ballast domain.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102495
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发表时间:
2022-10
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Tidow, Henning
Tidow, Henning
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sander, Simon;Mueller, Isabel;Garcia-Alai, Maria M.;Nicke, Annette;Tidow, Henning

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P2X7受体是由细胞外ATP激活的非选择性阳离子通道,在炎症反应中发挥重要作用。它们与其他P2X家族成员的不同之处在于,它们在细胞内有一个很大的C末端,负责调节不同的信号传递过程,而这些信号传递过程鲜为人知。最近的一项冷冻-EM研究表明,P2X7受体的C末端形成了一个独特的细胞质镇定结构域,该结构域具有一个GDP结合位点和一个双核锌离子结合位点。然而,压载域调节功能的分子基础以及各种配体之间的相互作用仍不清楚。在这里,我们成功地表达了一个可溶的三聚体P2X7BD,并用生物物理的方法表征了它的配体结合性质。我们在压舱域中鉴定了钙调蛋白(CaM)结合区,发现钙调素(CaM)和GDP与P2X7BD的结合对其稳定性有相反的影响。小角X射线散射实验表明,Ca~(2+)-CaM结合破坏了P2X7BD的三聚态。我们的结果为P2X7受体的细胞内调控提供了一个可能的框架。
P2X7 receptors are nonselective cation channels that are activated by extracellular ATP and play important roles in inflammation. They differ from other P2X family members by a large intracellular C-terminus that mediates diverse signaling processes that are little understood. A recent cryo-EM study revealed that the C-terminus of the P2X7 receptor forms a unique cytoplasmic ballast domain that possesses a GDP-binding site as well as a dinuclear Zn2+ site. However, the molecular basis for the regulatory function of the ballast domain as well as the interplay between the various ligands remain unclear. Here, we successfully expressed a soluble trimeric P2X7 ballast domain (P2X7BD) and characterized its ligand binding properties using a biophysical approach. We identified calmodulin (CaM)-binding regions within the ballast domain and found that binding of Ca2+-CaM and GDP to P2X7BD have opposite effects on its stability. Small-angle X-ray scattering experiments indicate that Ca2+-CaM binding disrupts the trimeric state of P2X7BD. Our results provide a possible framework for the intracellular regulation of the P2X7 receptor.
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