Choice between delayed food and immediate opioids in rats: treatment effects and individual differences.
Choice between delayed food and immediate opioids in rats: treatment effects and individual differences.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00213-017-4726-2
复制
发表时间：
2017-11
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Bradberry CW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Panlilio LV;Secci ME;Schindler CW;Bradberry CW
上瘾涉及不适应的选择行为，在这种行为中，直接的药物效应比延迟的非药物奖励更受重视。为了模拟这种行为并扩展我们对处方阿片类药物羟考酮的早期工作，我们允许大鼠在立即静脉注射短效阿片类药物瑞芬太尼和延迟注射高度可口的食物颗粒之间进行选择。治疗药物是在瑞芬太尼优先于食物的基线上进行测试的。大剂量阿片类拮抗剂纳曲酮的治疗减少了对瑞芬太尼的偏爱，但并不能逆转这种偏爱。用5-羟色胺5-HT2C激动剂氯卡瑟林治疗可以非选择性地减少瑞芬太尼和食物自给。在延迟食物的替代品是中等剂量的羟考酮、中剂量或高剂量的瑞芬太尼、较小的更直接的食物递送或没有主要强化的超时的情况下，选择取决于延迟的长度和替代方案的性质。当替代方案是大剂量瑞芬太尼时，延迟食品的折扣最大，当食品延迟30 S或更长时间时，瑞芬太尼比食品更受欢迎。受试者内部的比较表明，没有证据表明在这些条件下有像特质一样的冲动或对延迟的敏感性。选择更多地取决于当前强化的偶然性，而不是与生俱来的个体差异。这一发现表明，由于环境中的偶发事件，人们可能会产生急剧的延迟折扣功能，并支持使用应急管理来提高延迟的非药物增强剂的相对价值。
Addiction involves maladaptive choice behavior in which immediate drug effects are valued more than delayed nondrug rewards. To model this behavior and extend our earlier work with the prescription opioid oxycodone, we allowed rats to choose between immediate intravenous delivery of the short-acting opioid remifentanil and delayed delivery of highly palatable food pellets. Treatment drugs were tested on a baseline where remifentanil was preferred over food. Treatment with a high dose of the opioid antagonist naltrexone decreased but did not reverse the preference for remifentanil. Treatment with the serotonin 5-HT2C agonist lorcaserin decreased remifentanil and food self-administration nonselectively. Across conditions in which the alternative to delayed food was either a moderate dose of oxycodone, a moderate or high dose of remifentanil, a smaller more immediate delivery of food, or timeout with no primary reinforcement, choice was determined by both the length of the delay and the nature of the alternative option. Delayed food was discounted most steeply when the alternative was a high dose of remifentanil, which was preferred over food when food was delayed by 30 s or more. Within-subject comparisons showed no evidence for trait-like impulsivity or sensitivity to delay across these conditions. Choice was determined more by the current contingencies of reinforcement than by innate individual differences. This finding suggests that people might develop steep delay-discounting functions because of the contingencies in their environment, and it supports the use of contingency management to enhance the relative value of delayed non-drug reinforcers.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Bickel, Warren K.;Landes, Reid D.;Christensen, Darren R.;Jackson, Lisa;Jones, Bryan A.;Kurth-Nelson, Zeb;Redish, A. David
通讯作者：
Redish, A. David
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Maguire DR;Gerak LR;France CP
通讯作者：
France CP
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Heyman GM
通讯作者：
Heyman GM
右美甲苯与组胺能和血清素能治疗的相互作用，以减少大鼠尼古丁自我给药。
DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2015.12.004
发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
影响因子：
--
作者：
Briggs SA;Hall BJ;Wells C;Slade S;Jaskowski P;Morrison M;Rezvani AH;Rose JE;Levin ED
通讯作者：
Levin ED
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Higgins, G. A.;Silenieks, L. B.;Fletcher, P. J.
通讯作者：
Fletcher, P. J.