Neighborhood Blighted Property Removal and 311 Calls for Non-Emergency Services: A Test of a Marker of Social Control.
Neighborhood Blighted Property Removal and 311 Calls for Non-Emergency Services: A Test of a Marker of Social Control.
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DOI：
10.1111/gean.12286
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Gustat, Jeanette
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Theall, Katherine P.;Morrison, Christopher N.;Jacoby, Sara F.;Tucker, Amber;Wallace, Maeve E.;Kondo, Michelle C.;Branas, Charles C.;Gustat, Jeanette
许多研究表明，集体效能与城市社区的积极健康成果、较低的犯罪和暴力以及居民与社区的情感联系有关。对受损财产的补救在理论上与提高集体效能有关。本研究的目的是检查损坏的财产补救对城市非紧急311呼吁公共不文明和恶化的影响，作为集体效能的潜在标志。我们使用准实验设计来测试美国路易斯安那州新奥尔良市修复后的空置地块周围的311个服务呼叫是否发生变化，其中许多地块在2005年卡特里娜飓风过后空置。作为城市计划的一部分，在六个有资格进行破坏性财产补救的城市社区中，203个经过处理的空置地块以1：3的比例与有资格但没有接受处理的对照地块进行了匹配。在48个月或38，976个地段月内，共有812个空置地段被分割。对照组位于新奥尔良的同一个社区，与他们匹配的治疗区相距至少250英尺，以尽量减少污染。总体差异中的差异模型检测到干预后与倾倒和垃圾相关的呼叫下降，以及干预和对照批次之间的呼叫轻微但大多不显著的变化，但倾倒和车辆的呼叫除外。受损的财产补救可能会对倾倒和垃圾产生影响，这很重要。尽管311电话具有地理上的特定性、低成本和纵向性，但必须考虑311电话的性质以及在社区空置物业集中和居民愿意拨打电话方面发挥作用的结构和历史因素。为了更全面地确定这些数据的效用，有必要对311数据的变化进行进一步分析，并进行额外的定性调查。
Many studies have demonstrated that collective efficacy is associated with positive health outcomes, lower crime, and violence in urban communities, and residents’ emotional connection to their community. Remediation of blighted properties has been theoretically linked to increases in collective efficacy. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of blighted property remediation on city non‐emergency 311 calls for public incivilities and deterioration, as potential markers of collective efficacy. We used a quasi‐experimental design to test whether 311 calls for service changed around remediated vacant lots in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, many of which were left vacant after Hurricane Katrina in 2005. In six city neighborhoods eligible for blighted property remediation as part of a city program, 203 treated vacant lots were matched 1:3 without replacement to control lots that were eligible for but did not receive treatment. This yielded a total of 812 vacant lots partitioned within 48 months, or 38,976 lot‐months. Controls were in the same New Orleans neighborhoods as their matched treatment lots but were at least 250 feet away to minimize contamination. Overall difference‐in‐differences models detected postintervention declines in calls related to dumping and garbage, and slight but mostly non‐significant changes in calls between intervention and control lots in all but calls for dumping and vehicles. Blighted property remediation may have an impact on dumping and garbage, which is important. Despite being geographically specific, low‐cost and longitudinal, the nature of 311 calls and structural and historic factors at play in both the concentration of vacant properties in communities and residents’ willingness to call must be considered. Further analyses of changes in 311 data and additional qualitative inquiry are warranted to more fully determine the utility of these data.
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影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Cohen, DA;Mason, K;Farley, TA
通讯作者：
Farley, TA
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
O'Brien, Daniel Tumminelli
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作者：
Cohen, D;Spear, S;Wildgen, J
通讯作者：
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作者：
Gibson, Karen
通讯作者：
Gibson, Karen
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通讯作者：
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