The CD34-related molecule podocalyxin is a potent inducer of microvillus formation.

The CD34-related molecule podocalyxin is a potent inducer of microvillus formation.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0000237
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发表时间:
2007-02-21
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
McNagny KM
McNagny KM
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nielsen JS;Graves ML;Chelliah S;Vogl AW;Roskelley CD;McNagny KM

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足糖萼蛋白是一种CD 34相关的跨膜蛋白,参与造血细胞归巢、肾脏形态发生、乳腺癌进展和上皮细胞极化。虽然这种唾液粘蛋白已被证明可以阻断细胞粘附,但其机制仍然是个谜。然而,已经假设衔接蛋白NHERF-1和2可以通过将足糖萼蛋白连接到肌动蛋白细胞骨架来调节足糖萼蛋白的顶端靶向。在这里,相反,我们发现全长足糖萼蛋白的行为招募NHERF-1顶端域。此外,我们表明,足萼蛋白在上皮细胞中的异位表达导致微绒毛形成沿着一个扩大的顶端域,横向延伸到交界复合物。去除足萼蛋白的C-末端PDZ结合结构域消除了NHERF-1募集,但令人惊讶的是,对微绒毛的形成没有影响。相反,我们发现足萼蛋白的胞外结构域和跨膜区足以直接招募丝状肌动蛋白和埃兹蛋白到质膜,并诱导微绒毛形成。我们的数据表明,这种单一分子可以调节NHERF定位,并独立地作为顶端细胞形态的关键协调者,从而使其作为极性调节剂,肿瘤进展标志物和抗粘附素的多重作用机制深入了解。
Podocalyxin is a CD34-related transmembrane protein involved in hematopoietic cell homing, kidney morphogenesis, breast cancer progression, and epithelial cell polarization. Although this sialomucin has been shown to block cell adhesion, the mechanisms involved remain enigmatic. It has, however, been postulated that the adaptor proteins NHERF-1 and 2 could regulate apical targeting of Podocalyxin by linking it to the actin cytoskeleton. Here, in contrast, we find that full-length Podocalyxin acts to recruit NHERF-1 to the apical domain. Moreover, we show that ectopic expression of Podocalyxin in epithelial cells leads to microvillus formation along an expanded apical domain that extends laterally to the junctional complexes. Removal of the C-terminal PDZ-binding domain of Podocalyxin abolishes NHERF-1 recruitment but, surprisingly, has no effect on the formation of microvilli. Instead, we find that the extracellular domain and transmembrane region of Podocalyxin are sufficient to direct recruitment of filamentous actin and ezrin to the plasma membrane and induce microvillus formation. Our data suggest that this single molecule can modulate NHERF localization and, independently, act as a key orchestrator of apical cell morphology, thereby lending mechanistic insights into its multiple roles as a polarity regulator, tumor progression marker, and anti-adhesin.
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