Extinction Learning as a Potential Mechanism Linking High Vagal Tone with Lower PTSD Symptoms among Abused Youth.

Extinction Learning as a Potential Mechanism Linking High Vagal Tone with Lower PTSD Symptoms among Abused Youth.
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DOI:
10.1007/s10802-018-0464-0
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发表时间:
2019-04
影响因子:
3.6
通讯作者:
McLaughlin KA
McLaughlin KA
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jenness JL;Miller AB;Rosen ML;McLaughlin KA

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童年虐待是精神病理的一个潜在危险因素,包括创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)。研究表明,高静息迷走神经张力,一种副交感神经系统功能的测量,可以保护受虐待的青少年免受内化精神病理的影响,但解释这种影响的潜在机制尚不清楚。我们探讨了恐惧消退学习作为迷走神经张力对受虐青少年PTSD症状保护作用的可能机制。我们测量了青少年在恐惧条件反射和消退任务中的静息呼吸性窦性心律失常(RSA)和皮肤电导反应(SCR),这些青少年有虐待暴露的可变性(N= 94,年龄6-18岁)。高RSA预示着受虐青少年PTSD症状的降低和消退学习的增强。在一个有调节的中介模型中,消退学习仅在RSA高的青少年中介导了滥用与PTSD症状的关联。这些发现强调了灭绝学习作为一种可能的机制,将高迷走神经张力与受虐青少年PTSD症状风险降低联系起来。
Childhood abuse is a potent risk factor for psychopathology, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research has shown high resting vagal tone, a measure of parasympathetic nervous system function, protects abused youth from developing internalizing psychopathology, but potential mechanisms explaining this effect are unknown. We explored fear extinction learning as a possible mechanism underlying the protective effect of vagal tone on PTSD symptoms among abused youth. We measured resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and skin conductance responses (SCR) during a fear conditioning and extinction task in youth with variability in abuse exposure (N= 94; aged 6–18 years). High RSA predicted lower PTSD symptoms and enhanced extinction learning among abused youths. In a moderated-mediation model, extinction learning mediated the association of abuse with PTSD symptoms only among youth with high RSA. These findings highlight extinction learning as a possible mechanism linking high vagal tone to decreased risk for PTSD symptoms among abused youth.
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