The effect of tillage on nitrogen use efficiency in maize (Zea mays L.) in a ridge–furrow plastic film mulch system
The effect of tillage on nitrogen use efficiency in maize (Zea mays L.) in a ridge–furrow plastic film mulch system
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耕作对垄沟塑料薄膜覆盖系统中玉米 (Zea mays L.) 氮肥利用效率的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.still.2019.104409
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发表时间：
2019-12
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Kadambot H.M. Siddique
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yüze Li;Duanpu Song;Pengfei Dang;Lina Wei;Xiaoliang Qin;Kadambot H.M. Siddique
垄沟地膜覆盖玉米种植模式在黄土高原旱作农业区广泛采用，具有节水增产的效果。然而，在RFPM之前使用的耕作方式可能对地表肥料和土壤养分的时空动态产生了不同的影响。到目前为止，还没有研究调查耕作方式和RFPM对作物生产性能的综合影响。一项为期两年的试验包括三种处理——常规平耕（CK）、RFPM前的轮作（MR）和RFPM前的犁耕（MP）。在每个处理小区内，建立一个微小区来追踪尿素- n的去向（2017年和2018年仅标记了15N）。本研究旨在探讨RFPM前两种耕作方式对作物尿素氮恢复、作物生长和水分利用效率的影响。垄作显著改善了玉米生长过程中土壤热液条件，垄作土壤表面水分含量低于垄作，垄作土壤水分积累较多，但水分利用效率在垄作和垄作间无显著差异。两种耕作方式下土壤养分空间分布存在差异。垄作土壤有机质（SOM）和全氮（TN）显著高于垄作，垄作土壤有机质（SOM）和全氮（TN）显著高于垄作。垄沟间土壤NO3−-N差异不显著，但相对于MR， MP提高了氮素利用效率，显著降低了N2O排放，收获时，MP的产量显著高于MR和CK，且净收入最高。综上所述，RFPM前的犁耕比轮作具有更好的经济效益和生态效益，具有帮助中国旱地建立可持续农业系统的潜力。
The widely adopted maize planting pattern of ridge–furrow plastic film mulch (RFPM) in rainfed agricultural areas of the Loess Plateau has resulted in water-saving and increased yields. However, tillage practices used before RFPM may have had varying effects on the spatiotemporal dynamics of surface fertilizers and soil nutrients. To date, no studies have investigated the combined effects of tillage type and RFPM on crop performance. A two-year trial incorporated three treatments—conventional flat planting (CK), rotary tillage before RFPM (MR), and plow tillage before RFPM (MP). Within each treatment plot, a micro-plot was established to trace the fate of urea-N (only 15N labeled in 2017 and 2018). This study aimed to explore the effects of two tillage practices before RFPM on urea-N recovery by crops, crop growth, and water use efficiency.The RFPM significantly improved soil hydrothermal conditions during maize growth—the ridges had lower surface soil moisture contents than the furrows, with more moisture accumulation in the furrows—but water use efficiency did not differ between MR and MP. The spatial distribution of nutrients under RFPM differed between the two tillage practices. The ridges under RFPM had significantly higher soil organic matter (SOM) and total nitrogen (TN) than the furrows, more so in the MP furrows than the MR furrows. Soil NO3−-N did not significantly differ between ridges and furrows, but MP improved nitrogen use efficiency and significantly reduced N2O emissions, relative to MR. At harvest, MP had significantly higher yields than MR and CK, and the highest net income of the three treatments. In conclusion, plow tillage before RFPM had better economic and ecological benefits than rotary tillage and has the potential to help establish sustainable agricultural systems in dryland China.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1802129115
发表时间：
2018-10-16
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Su B;Huang J;Fischer T;Wang Y;Kundzewicz ZW;Zhai J;Sun H;Wang A;Zeng X;Wang G;Tao H;Gemmer M;Li X;Jiang T
通讯作者：
Jiang T
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Hai, Long;Li, Xiao Gang;Li, Feng-Min
通讯作者：
Li, Feng-Min
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
NELSON, DW;SOMMERS, LE
通讯作者：
SOMMERS, LE
影响因子：
9.7
作者：
S. Goldberg;G. Gebauer
通讯作者：
S. Goldberg;G. Gebauer
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Keelan Smith;T. Ball;F. Conen;K. Dobbie;J. Massheder;A. Rey
通讯作者：
Keelan Smith;T. Ball;F. Conen;K. Dobbie;J. Massheder;A. Rey