Genotype and sex-based host variation in behaviour and susceptibility drives population disease dynamics

Genotype and sex-based host variation in behaviour and susceptibility drives population disease dynamics
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基因型和基于性别的宿主行为和易感性变异驱动群体疾病动态

DOI:
10.1098/rspb.2020.1653
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Vale, Pedro F.
Vale, Pedro F.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
White, Lauren A.;Siva-Jothy, Jonathon A.;Craft, Meggan E.;Vale, Pedro F.

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病原体传播的宿主异质性是普遍存在的,是预测和尽量减少疾病暴发的主要障碍。使用果蝇C病毒感染的果蝇作为模型系统,我们将不同遗传系和性别的社会聚集、病毒脱落和疾病诱导的死亡率的实验测量整合到疾病建模框架中。实验测量的主机异质性产生了很大的差异,在模拟疾病爆发,提供证据的遗传和性别特异性的影响,在人口水平上的疾病动态。虽然这是真实的单一性别/遗传系的同质人群,遗传背景或性别的索引情况下,并没有改变模拟,异质性人群的爆发动态。最后,为了探索社会聚集,病毒脱落和死亡率的相对影响,我们比较了模拟,我们允许这些特征的变化,如实验测量的,模拟,我们约束这些特征的变化的人口平均值。在这种情况下,传染性的变化,其次是社会聚集,是传播的最有影响力的组成部分。总体而言,我们表明,主机异质性在三个主机性状显着影响人口水平的传输,但这种变化的相对影响取决于易感人口的多样性和人口水平的变化分布。
Host heterogeneity in pathogen transmission is widespread and presents a major hurdle to predicting and minimizing disease outbreaks. UsingDrosophila melanogasterinfected withDrosophilaC virus as a model system, we integrated experimental measurements of social aggregation, virus shedding, and disease-induced mortality from different genetic lines and sexes into a disease modelling framework. The experimentally measured host heterogeneity produced substantial differences in simulated disease outbreaks, providing evidence for genetic and sex-specific effects on disease dynamics at a population level. While this was true for homogeneous populations of single sex/genetic line, the genetic background or sex of the index case did not alter outbreak dynamics in simulated, heterogeneous populations. Finally, to explore the relative effects of social aggregation, viral shedding and mortality, we compared simulations where we allowed these traits to vary, as measured experimentally, to simulations where we constrained variation in these traits to the population mean. In this context, variation in infectiousness, followed by social aggregation, was the most influential component of transmission. Overall, we show that host heterogeneity in three host traits dramatically affects population-level transmission, but the relative impact of this variation depends on both the susceptible population diversity and the distribution of population-level variation.
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