Understanding Brazil’s catastrophic fires: Causes, consequences and policy needed to prevent future tragedies
Understanding Brazil’s catastrophic fires: Causes, consequences and policy needed to prevent future tragedies
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了解巴西的灾难性火灾：原因、后果和防止未来悲剧所需的政策
DOI：
10.1016/j.pecon.2021.06.005
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
G. Overbeck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. Pivello;I. Vieira;A. V. Christianini;D. B. Ribeiro;Luciana da Silva Menezes;C. Berlinck;Felipe P. L. Melo;J. Marengo;C. G. Tornquist;W. Tomas;G. Overbeck
在过去的十年里，巴西经历了前所未有的野火。2020年野火中未能逃脱的巨大烧毁区域或死亡动物的图片震惊了世界。为了防止或尽量减少进一步的类似灾害，我们必须了解导致这些灾难性事件的因素。野火的起因和后果涉及生物物理和社会文化领域之间的复杂相互作用，而适当的管理决策需要坚实的科学基础。我们介绍了最近巴西生物圈火灾爆发增加的全景，并在回顾广泛的专业文献、作者的专业知识和环境经理、研究人员和政治家在为辩论巴西野火问题而举办的研讨会期间提供的信息的基础上，讨论了导致此类火灾的原因、对环境的影响以及对人类福祉的总体后果。我们的最新评论针对的是学术界公众、环境管理人员以及决策者和政策制定者。首先，我们提出了火对不同生态系统的对比影响的证据。其次，我们概述了巴西自殖民至今与火的使用和管理有关的历史认识和政策。第三，我们提出了推进火灾预防和制定成功的管理策略的方法。最后，我们回答常见的问题，以澄清和/或揭开一些与火灾有关的问题，这些问题并不总是在媒体上得到适当的解决。
Brazil has experienced unprecedented wildfires in the last decade. Images of immense burnt areas or dead animals that failed to escape the 2020 wildfires have shocked the world. To prevent or minimize further similar disasters we must understand the factors that have led to these catastrophic events. The causes and consequences of wildfires entail complex interactions between the biophysical and sociocultural spheres, and suitable management decisions require a sound scientific base. We present the recent panorama of increasing fire outbreaks in the Brazilian biomes, and discuss the causes that have contributed to such fires, their impacts on the environment and overall consequences for human well-being, based on reviewing the extensive specialist literature, on authors’ expert knowledge and information provided by environmental managers, researchers and politicians during a workshop organized to debate the wildfire issue in Brazil. Our up-to-date review is aimed at the academic public, environmental managers and decision- and policy-makers. First, we present evidence on the contrasting effects of fire on different ecosystems. Second, we outline the historic perceptions and policies related to fire use and management in Brazil since its colonization to the present date. Third, we propose means to advance fire prevention and develop successful management strategies. Finally, we answer frequently asked questions to clarify and/or demystify some fire-related issues not always properly addressed in the media.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Brando, Paulo;Macedo, Marcia;Amorim, Cristina
通讯作者：
Amorim, Cristina
影响因子：
7
作者：
Morello, Thiago Fonseca;Ramos, Rossano Marchetti;Steil, Lara
通讯作者：
Steil, Lara
DOI：
10.1029/2018jd029878
发表时间：
2019-12
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
影响因子：
--
作者：
I. Sokolik;A. Soja;P. DeMott;D. Winker
通讯作者：
I. Sokolik;A. Soja;P. DeMott;D. Winker
打破神话——热带草生物群落恢复
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Silveira, Fernando A.;Arruda, André J.;Bond, William;Durigan, Giselda;Fidelis, Alessandra;Kirkman, Kevin;Oliveira, Rafael S.;Overbeck, Gerhard E.;Sansevero, Jerônimo B.;Siebert, Frances
通讯作者：
Siebert, Frances
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Bixby, Rebecca J.;Cooper, Scott D.;Dwire, Kathleen A.
通讯作者：
Dwire, Kathleen A.