Tobacco Control and Children: An International Perspective.
Tobacco Control and Children: An International Perspective.
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烟草控制与儿童：国际视角。
DOI：
10.1089/ped.2010.0012
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Winickoff,JonathanP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lando,HarryA;Hipple,BethanyJ;Muramoto,Myra;Klein,JonathanD;Prokhorov,AlexanderV;Ossip,DeborahJ;Winickoff,JonathanP
目前，全世界每年因吸烟而死亡的人数超过500万，预计到2030年这一数字将大幅增加。死亡和疾病的负担正在向低收入和中等收入国家转移。烟草控制举措面临着许多挑战，包括在许多国家没有得到高度重视，政府依赖烟草销售和生产的直接收入，以及烟草业的反对。烟草导致环境危害，剥削烟草种植工人，并增加贫困。儿童尤其脆弱。他们不仅自己开始吸烟，而且还因接触剧毒二手烟而受害。即使在卫生专业人员中，对烟草有害健康影响的认识也往往是肤浅的。烟草业继续大力推销其产品，并认识到儿童是其未来。然而，现有的工具和知识可以大幅度减少全球烟草负担。2003年，世界卫生组织通过了《烟草控制框架公约》。不仅在高收入国家，而且在乌拉圭和泰国等不太富裕的国家，都采取了积极的烟草控制举措。各利益攸关方必须共同作出协调一致的努力，必须对全球烟草控制进行广泛和持续的投资。
Tobacco use currently claims >5 million deaths per year worldwide and this number is projected to increase dramatically by 2030. The burden of death and disease is shifting to low- and middle-income countries. Tobacco control initiatives face numerous challenges including not being a high priority in many countries, government dependence upon immediate revenue from tobacco sales and production, and opposition of the tobacco industry. Tobacco leads to environmental harms, exploitation of workers in tobacco farming, and increased poverty. Children are especially vulnerable. Not only do they initiate tobacco use themselves, but also they are victimized by exposure to highly toxic secondhand smoke. Awareness of tobacco adverse health effects is often superficial even among health professionals. The tobacco industry continues to aggressively promote its products and recognizes that children are its future. The tools and knowledge exist, however, to dramatically reduce the global burden of tobacco. In 2003 the World Health Organization adopted the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Aggressive tobacco control initiatives have been undertaken not only in high-income countries but also in less-wealthy countries such as Uruguay and Thailand. Stakeholders must come together in coordinated efforts and there must be a broad and sustained investment in global tobacco control.
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