Vaccine development for respiratory syncytial virus.
Vaccine development for respiratory syncytial virus.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.coviro.2017.03.012
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发表时间：
2017-04
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Graham BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graham BS
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是一种重要且普遍存在的呼吸道病原体，尽管经过50多年的努力，但仍没有可用的疫苗。它在年龄极端和免疫缺陷的情况下引起最严重的疾病。尽管RSV对中和抗体敏感，但它已经进化出多种免疫逃避机制，使其能够重复感染人类，尽管遗传多样性相对较小。最近在确定亚稳态未触发融合前形式（pre-F）和稳定重排融合后形式（post-F）的融合（F）糖蛋白的结构和抗原含量方面的突破已经产生了可以诱导有效中和抗体应答并有效增强预先存在的中和活性的疫苗策略。同时，已经开发了新的减毒活病毒和嵌合病毒候选疫苗以及递送疫苗抗原的其他新方法。这些事件和活动引起了人们的乐观情绪和潜在疫苗产品的强大管道，这些产品有望提供减少RSV感染的公共卫生负担的方法。
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important and ubiquitous respiratory pathogen for which no vaccine is available notwithstanding more than 50 years of effort. It causes the most severe disease at the extremes of age and in settings of immunodeficiency. Although RSV is susceptible to neutralizing antibody, it has evolved multiple mechanisms of immune evasion allowing it to repeatedly infect people despite relatively little genetic diversity. Recent breakthroughs in determining the structure and antigenic content of the fusion (F) glycoprotein in its metastable untriggered prefusion form (pre-F) and the stable rearranged postfusion form (post-F) have yielded vaccine strategies that can induce potent neutralizing antibody responses and effectively boost pre-existing neutralizing activity. In parallel, novel live-attenuated and chimeric virus vaccine candidates and other novel approaches to deliver vaccine antigens have been developed. These events and activities have aroused optimism and a robust pipeline of potential vaccine products that promise to provide a means to reduce the public health burden of RSV infection.
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