How many pigs within a group need to be sick to lead to a diagnostic change in the group's behavior?1.
How many pigs within a group need to be sick to lead to a diagnostic change in the group's behavior?1.
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一组内需要有多少头猪生病才能导致该组行为发生诊断性变化？1。
DOI：
10.1093/jas/skz083
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Miller AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller AL
疾病是猪系统中福利和生产力下降的主要原因，但通过早期发现可以限制其在商业猪群中的传播。在疾病发病时识别特定的行为变化，通过及时干预提高治疗成功率，具有重要的诊断价值。我们的研究旨在确定当只有少数人急性生病时，在群体层面上明显改变的关键行为。首先，我们量化了猪群在急性健康挑战期间的行为变化，使用全猪圈疫苗接种作为人工疾病模型。然后，我们研究了检测组水平行为变化所需的最小病猪比例，采用三种处理方法：在猪圈中接种疫苗的猪数量为对照组（0%猪）、低（±20%猪）或高（±50%猪）。在试验1中，全栏疫苗接种产生了组水平的行为改变，包括减少喂食（P< 0.001）、无营养地访问喂食器（P< 0.01）、饮水（P< 0.001）、站立（P< 0.001）和与围栏富营养化的相互作用（P< 0.001），并伴有躺卧率增加（P< 0.01）和体温升高（P< 0.001），证实了疫苗接种是研究急性疾病影响的合适模型。在试验2中，与Con组相比，Low组与富集装置的相互作用（P< 0.001）和站立率（P= 0.064）以及卧笔率（P< 0.001）的组水平明显下降，这表明这些关键行为可以为组中早期疾病检测提供重要的诊断价值。这些变化持续到接种后3小时。相比之下，在接种疫苗后，饲养率（处理×一天中的时间：P< 0.01）仅在高处理中较Con有所下降，而围栏饮水也有类似的趋势（处理：P= 0.07），这表明这些行为更适合于确认疾病在群体内的传播。识别疾病存在的关键行为对于进一步完善使用猪圈液位传感器的商业养猪自动化预警系统至关重要。
Disease is a leading cause of diminished welfare and productivity in pig systems, but its spread among pigs within commercial herds can be limited through early detection. Identifying specific behavioral changes at the onset of disease can have a substantial diagnostic value by improving treatment success through timely intervention. Our study aimed to identify key behaviors that visibly change at the group level when only a few individuals are acutely sick. First, we quantified the behavioral changes seen during an acute health challenge in groups of pigs, using total pen vaccination as an artificial sickness model. Then we investigated the minimum proportion of sick pigs needed to detect group level behavioral changes using three treatments: a control (Con; 0% pigs), low (±20% pigs), or a high (±50% pigs) number of pigs vaccinated in the pens. Total pen vaccination in Trial 1 produced group level behavioral changes, including reduced feeding (P< 0.001), non-nutritive visits to the feeder (P< 0.01), drinking (P< 0.001), standing (P< 0.001), and interaction with pen enrichment (P< 0.001), accompanied by increased lying rates (P< 0.01) and elevated body temperatures (P< 0.001), confirming that vaccination is an appropriate model to study effects of acute sickness. In Trial 2, group level declines in interaction with the enrichment device (P< 0.001) and standing rates (P= 0.064), along with an increase in pen lying rates (P< 0.001), were apparent in the Low treatment when compared to the Con rates, which suggests these key behaviors could serve an important diagnostic value for early disease detection in groups. These changes lasted for up to 3 h post vaccination. In contrast, feeding rates (treatment × time of day:P< 0.01) only showed a decrease from the Con in the High treatment after vaccination, with pen drinking showing a similar trend (treatment:P= 0.07), suggesting that these behaviors would be more appropriate for confirming the spread of disease within a herd. Identifying key behaviors that alert to the presence of disease is critical to further refine automated early warning systems using pen level sensors for commercial pig operations.
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影响因子：
3.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Fernández-Carrión E;Martínez-Avilés M;Ivorra B;Martínez-López B;Ramos ÁM;Sánchez-Vizcaíno JM
通讯作者：
Sánchez-Vizcaíno JM
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Martinez-Aviles, M.;Fernandez-Carrion, E.;Sanchez-Vizcaino, J. M.
通讯作者：
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