Plant glutathione transferases.
Plant glutathione transferases.
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DOI：
10.1186/gb-2002-3-3-reviews3004
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
12.3
通讯作者：
Edwards R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dixon DP;Lapthorn A;Edwards R
可溶性谷胱甘肽转移酶（GST）是一个大的，保守的蛋白质家族，使用三肽谷胱甘肽作为辅底物或辅酶。它们主要在胞质溶胶中表达，并具有一系列催化和非催化功能，包括除草剂的解毒和保护免受氧化应激，并涉及其他细胞过程。可溶性谷胱甘肽转移酶（GST，EC 2.5.1.18）由植物中的大且多样的基因家族编码，其可基于序列同一性分为phi、tau、theta、zeta和lambda类。theta和zeta GST在动物中有对应物，但其他类别是植物特异性的，并形成本文的重点。拟南芥的基因组含有48个GST基因，其中tau和phi类是最多的。GST蛋白通过基因复制而进化，以三肽谷胱甘肽（GSH）作为辅助底物或辅酶发挥一系列功能作用。GST主要在胞质溶胶中表达，其中它们的GSH依赖性催化功能包括除草剂的缀合和由此产生的解毒、氧化应激期间形成的有机氢过氧化物的还原以及马来酰乙酰乙酸异构化为富马酰乙酰乙酸（fumarylacetoacetoacetate），这是酪氨酸催化的关键步骤。GST也具有非催化作用，在类黄酮天然产物沉积在液泡中之前结合胞质溶胶中的类黄酮天然产物。最近的研究还表明，GST是紫外线诱导的细胞信号通路的组成部分，也是细胞凋亡的潜在调节因子。虽然序列多样化产生了具有多种功能的GST，但这些蛋白质的结构高度保守。因此，GST代表了蛋白质家族如何多样化以实现多种功能同时保留形式和结构的一个很好的例子。
The soluble glutathione transferases (GSTs) are a large, conserved family of proteins that use the tripeptide glutathione as a cosubstrate or coenzyme. They are predominantly expressed in the cytosol and have a range of catalytic and non-catalytic functions, including detoxification of herbicides and protection from oxidative stress, and have been implicated in other cellular processes. The soluble glutathione transferases (GSTs, EC 2.5.1.18) are encoded by a large and diverse gene family in plants, which can be divided on the basis of sequence identity into the phi, tau, theta, zeta and lambda classes. The theta and zeta GSTs have counterparts in animals but the other classes are plant-specific and form the focus of this article. The genome of Arabidopsis thaliana contains 48 GST genes, with the tau and phi classes being the most numerous. The GST proteins have evolved by gene duplication to perform a range of functional roles using the tripeptide glutathione (GSH) as a cosubstrate or coenzyme. GSTs are predominantly expressed in the cytosol, where their GSH-dependent catalytic functions include the conjugation and resulting detoxification of herbicides, the reduction of organic hydroperoxides formed during oxidative stress and the isomerization of maleylacetoacetate to fumarylacetoacetate, a key step in the catabolism of tyrosine. GSTs also have non-catalytic roles, binding flavonoid natural products in the cytosol prior to their deposition in the vacuole. Recent studies have also implicated GSTs as components of ultraviolet-inducible cell signaling pathways and as potential regulators of apoptosis. Although sequence diversification has produced GSTs with multiple functions, the structure of these proteins has been highly conserved. The GSTs thus represent an excellent example of how protein families can diversify to fulfill multiple functions while conserving form and structure.
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影响因子：
4.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/s0969-2126(98)00074-4
发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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