Neural and Genetic Bases for Human Ability Traits.
Neural and Genetic Bases for Human Ability Traits.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2020.609170
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Apkarian AV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pinto CB;Bielefeld J;Jabakhanji R;Reckziegel D;Griffith JW;Apkarian AV
从学校招生到工作表现评估，对人的能力的判断无处不在。然而，能力特征的确切构成往往定义狭窄，缺乏全面的基础。我们试图简化人类能力的范围，类似于人们普遍认为的描述大多数个性的五种性格特征。找到这样一个人类能力的基础将是非常宝贵的，因为神经精神疾病的诊断和症状的严重程度通常与这种表现上的差异有关。在这里，我们在美国国立卫生研究院的标准数据（n = 1，369）中确定了四个潜在的能力特质：（1）运动耐力，（2）情绪处理，（3）执行和认知功能，（4）社会互动。我们使用人类连接组计划年轻成人数据集（n = 778）表明运动耐力和执行和认知功能与特定的大脑功能网络可靠相关（r2 = 0.305 ± 0.021），这些能力特征的生物学性质也通过计算双胞胎数据的遗传率（分别为31%和49%）来显示。
The judgement of human ability is ubiquitous, from school admissions to job performance reviews. The exact make-up of ability traits, however, is often narrowly defined and lacks a comprehensive basis. We attempt to simplify the spectrum of human ability, similar to how five personality traits are widely believed to describe most personalities. Finding such a basis for human ability would be invaluable since neuropsychiatric disease diagnoses and symptom severity are commonly related to such differences in performance. Here, we identified four underlying ability traits within the National Institutes of Health Toolbox normative data (n = 1, 369): (1) Motor-endurance, (2) Emotional processing, (3) Executive and cognitive function, and (4) Social interaction. We used the Human Connectome Project young adult dataset (n = 778) to show that Motor-endurance and Executive and cognitive function were reliably associated with specific brain functional networks (r2 = 0.305 ± 0.021), and the biological nature of these ability traits was also shown by calculating their heritability (31 and 49%, respectively) from twin data.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Blackford, Jennifer Urbano;Clauss, Jacqueline A.;Avery, Suzanne N.;Cowan, Ronald L.;Benningfield, Margaret M.;VanDerKlok, Ross M.
通讯作者：
VanDerKlok, Ross M.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Carlozzi NE;Tulsky DS;Wolf TJ;Goodnight S;Heaton RK;Casaletto KB;Wong AWK;Baum CM;Gershon RC;Heinemann AW
通讯作者：
Heinemann AW
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Eisenberg, Ian W.;Bissett, Patrick G.;Poldrack, Russell A.
通讯作者：
Poldrack, Russell A.
影响因子：
2
作者：
Christova, Peka;Joseph, Jasmine;Georgopoulos, Apostolos P.
通讯作者：
Georgopoulos, Apostolos P.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Gorgolewski KJ;Varoquaux G;Rivera G;Schwarz Y;Ghosh SS;Maumet C;Sochat VV;Nichols TE;Poldrack RA;Poline JB;Yarkoni T;Margulies DS
通讯作者：
Margulies DS