Structure and Immune Recognition of the HIV Glycan Shield.
Structure and Immune Recognition of the HIV Glycan Shield.
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对HIV聚糖盾的结构和免疫识别。
DOI：
10.1146/annurev-biophys-060414-034156
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发表时间：
2018-05-20
影响因子：
12.4
通讯作者：
Wilson IA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crispin M;Ward AB;Wilson IA
针对人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的疫苗设计工作受到了极大的鼓舞，因为许多受感染的患者最终会产生高效、广泛中和的抗体（bnAbs）。重要的是，这些bnAbs已经进化到不仅可以识别病毒包膜蛋白（Env）的两种蛋白质成分，还可以识别在Env蛋白上形成保护屏障的众多聚糖。由于与宿主糖蛋白相比，Env的糖基化程度过高，因此这些聚糖成为抗体反应的靶标。因此，人们在开发和验证生物物理方法以阐明Env刺突糖蛋白的复杂结构及其多糖和蛋白质表位的结合方面做了大量的努力。我们在这里说明了强大的生物物理方法的应用如何改变了我们对HIV Env尖峰结构和功能的理解，并刺激了考虑基本聚糖成分的疫苗设计策略的创新。
Vaccine design efforts against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been greatly stimulated by the observation that many infected patients eventually develop highly potent, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). Importantly, these bnAbs have evolved to recognize not only the two protein components of the viral envelope protein (Env), but also the numerous glycans that form a protective barrier on the Env protein. Because Env is vastly over-glycosylated compared to host glycoproteins, the glycans have become targets for the antibody response. Therefore, considerable efforts have been made in developing and validating biophysical methods to elucidate the complex structure of the Env spike glycoprotein with its combination of glycan and protein epitopes. We illustrate here how the application of robust biophysical methods have transformed our understanding of the structure and function of the HIV Env spike and stimulated innovation in vaccine design strategies that takes into account the essential glycan components.
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