Why do drivers become safer over the first three months of driving? A longitudinal qualitative study.
Why do drivers become safer over the first three months of driving? A longitudinal qualitative study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2018.04.007
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发表时间：
2018-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rowe R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Day MR;Thompson AR;Poulter DR;Stride CB;Rowe R
新获得驾照的司机在独立驾驶的前三个月撞车风险下降。目前的研究旨在更好地了解支持这种安全性改善的因素。纵向定性设计确定了可能导致坠机风险下降的因素。据报道，他们在驾驶技能、寻求刺激和感觉方面都有了发展。讨论了研究和应用的意义。驾驶员在开始独立驾驶时发生事故的风险很高，在前三个月责任急剧下降。他们的行为发展和其他潜在的安全性提高的变化还没有得到很好的理解。我们采用了创新的纵向定性设计，13名新获得资格的司机在获得英国正式驾驶执照后的1、2和3个月完成了总共36次半结构化访谈。访谈探讨了新司机的高风险因素，同时也为产生新的道路安全问题留出了空间。分析采用双重演绎和归纳解释主题方法，确定了三个超协调主题：(1)汽车控制技能和态势意识的提高；(2)在车速普遍提高的背景下，驾驶时冒险的快感降低；(3)在驾驶的早期阶段，对自己在其他道路使用者眼中的社会地位的早期关注，可能会给他们带来压力，迫使他们以超出自己感觉舒适的速度驾驶。这项研究提供了重要的新线索，有助于理解新手如何在最初几个月的驾驶中变得更安全，包括在独立驾驶的发展过程中，驾驶技术和风格的概念是如何变化的，以及将研究不那么严格的社会地位概念引入焦点。
Newly qualified drivers’ crash risk declines over the first three months of independent driving. The current study aimed to better understand the factors underpinning this safety improvement. A longitudinal qualitative design identified possible contributing factors to this decline in crash risk. Developments in skill, thrill-seeking and feelings of driving status were reported. Implications for research and application are discussed. Drivers are at high crash risk when they begin independent driving, with liability decreasing steeply over the first three months. Their behavioural development, and other changes underlying improved safety are not well understood. We adopted an innovative longitudinal qualitative design, with thirteen newly qualified drivers completing a total of 36 semi-structured interviews, one, two and three months after acquiring a full UK driving license. The interviews probed high-risk factors for new drivers, as well as allowing space for generating novel road safety issues. Analysis adopted a dual deductive and inductive interpretative thematic approach, identifying three super-ordinate themes: (1) Improvements in car control skills and situation awareness; (2) A reduction in the thrill of taking risks when driving against a background of generally increasing driving speed; (3) Early concerns about their social status in the eyes of other road users during the early stages of driving, which may put pressure on them to drive faster than they felt comfortable with. The study provides important new leads towards understanding how novice driving becomes safer over the first few months of driving, including how well-studied concepts of driving skill and style may change during development of independent driving, and bringing the less rigorously studied concept of social status into focus.
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影响因子：
7.6
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