Young Drivers and Their Passengers: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies on Crash Risk.
Young Drivers and Their Passengers: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies on Crash Risk.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.010
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发表时间：
2015-07
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Simons-Morton, Bruce G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ouimet, Marie Claude;Pradhan, Anuj K.;Brooks-Russell, Ashley;Ehsani, Johnathon P.;Berbiche, Djamal;Simons-Morton, Bruce G.
对文献进行了系统的回顾，以评估流行病学研究的证据，与单独驾驶相比，年轻司机与乘客陪同的碰撞风险。检索的数据库包括科克伦图书馆、Embase、Scopus、交通研究信息服务和Web of Science，检索1989年1月1日至2013年8月1日期间发表的研究。如果流行病学研究重点关注年轻驾驶员（≤24岁）的碰撞事故，并包括无乘客比较组和一些暴露指标以计算风险估计值，则选择流行病学研究进行审查。选择了15篇文章（17项研究）; 7项研究报告了致命性碰撞，10项研究报告了非致命性或致命性/非致命性碰撞。对致命车祸的研究表明，与单独驾驶相比，至少有一名乘客的年轻司机（显著风险估计值从1.24到1.89不等）和两名或更多乘客与单独驾驶相比（1.70-2.92）的风险增加。男性乘客与女性乘客发生致命性碰撞和合并或非致命性碰撞的风险也有所增加（1.53-2.66），年轻驾驶员与老年驾驶员相比（1.42-3.14）。结果更清楚地表明，在致命的碰撞比在非致命或致命/非致命的组合碰撞乘客存在的风险增加。这项审查的结果，基于相关性研究，支持许可证政策，限制年轻司机的存在和年轻乘客的数量。
A systematic review of the literature was conducted to appraise the evidence from epidemiological studies of crash risk in young drivers accompanied by passengers, compared with solo driving. Databases searched included the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Transportation Research Information Services, and Web of Science for studies published between January 1, 1989 and August 1, 2013. Epidemiological studies were selected for review if they focused on crashes of young drivers (≤24 years old) and included both a no-passenger comparison group and some measure of exposure to enable calculation of risk estimates. Fifteen articles (17 studies) were selected; seven studies reported on fatal crashes and 10 on nonfatal or combined fatal/nonfatal crashes. Studies on fatal crashes showed increased risk, compared with solo driving, for young drivers with at least one passenger (significant risk estimates ranging from 1.24 to 1.89) and two or more passengers versus solo driving (1.70–2.92). Increased risk was also found for fatal crashes and for combined or nonfatal crashes with male versus female passengers (1.53–2.66) and for younger versus older drivers (1.42–3.14). Results more clearly indicate increased risk for passenger presence in fatal crashes than that in nonfatal or combined fatal/nonfatal crashes. Findings of this review, based on correlational studies, support licensing policies that limit the presence and number of young passengers for young drivers.
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影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Simons-Morton, Bruce G.;Ouimet, Marie Claude;Dingus, Thomas A.
通讯作者：
Dingus, Thomas A.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Simons-Morton, Bruce G.;Bingham, C. Raymond;Shope, Jean T.
通讯作者：
Shope, Jean T.
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Vanlaar, Ward;Mayhew, Dan;Shope, Jean
通讯作者：
Shope, Jean
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Ouimet, Marie Claude;Simons-Morton, Bruce G.;Zador, Paul L.;Lerner, Neil D.;Freedman, Mark;Duncan, Glen D.;Wang, Jing
通讯作者：
Wang, Jing
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Lam, LT;Norton, R;Ameratunga, S
通讯作者：
Ameratunga, S