Differences in words used to describe racial and gender groups in Medical Student Performance Evaluations.
Differences in words used to describe racial and gender groups in Medical Student Performance Evaluations.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0181659
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Moore EZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ross DA;Boatright D;Nunez-Smith M;Jordan A;Chekroud A;Moore EZ
从医学院到住院医师的过渡是医生职业生涯中的关键一步。由于标准化的申请流程——学校提交总结性医学生表现评估（MSPE）——它也提供了一个独特的机会来评估种族和性别差异可能普遍存在的情况，正如医学领域其他地方所显示的那样。作者对 2014-15 年间申请同一机构 16 个住院医师项目的 6,000 名美国学生的 MSPE 进行了文本分析。他们使用定制软件从每个 MSPE 中提取人口统计数据和关键词频率。主要结果指标是使用来自四个主题类别（“杰出特质”、“能力”、“磨石习惯”和“同情心”）的 24 个预先确定的词语进行描述的申请人比例。数据显示种族和性别之间存在显着差异。白人申请人更有可能使用“杰出”或“能力”关键词（包括“例外”、“最佳”和“杰出”）来描述，而黑人申请人更有可能被描述为“有能力”。在控制美国医师执照考试第 1 步分数后，这些差异仍然显着。女性申请者更常被描述为“有爱心”、“富有同情心”、“有同理心”或“有同理心”。女性也更常被描述为“聪明”和“有条理”。虽然 MSPE 旨在反映对学生资格的客观、总结性评估，但这些数据首次证明了根据种族/族裔和性别群体成员资格描述候选人的系统性差异。对于努力创建更加平等的医学界的教师来说，认识到可能存在的隐性偏见及其潜在影响非常重要。
The transition from medical school to residency is a critical step in the careers of physicians. Because of the standardized application process–wherein schools submit summative Medical Student Performance Evaluations (MSPE’s)–it also represents a unique opportunity to assess the possible prevalence of racial and gender disparities, as shown elsewhere in medicine. The authors conducted textual analysis of MSPE’s from 6,000 US students applying to 16 residency programs at a single institution in 2014–15. They used custom software to extract demographic data and keyword frequency from each MSPE. The main outcome measure was the proportion of applicants described using 24 pre-determined words from four thematic categories (“standout traits”, “ability”, “grindstone habits”, and “compassion”). The data showed significant differences based on race and gender. White applicants were more likely to be described using “standout” or “ability” keywords (including “exceptional”, “best”, and “outstanding”) while Black applicants were more likely to be described as “competent”. These differences remained significant after controlling for United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 scores. Female applicants were more frequently described as “caring”, “compassionate”, and “empathic” or “empathetic”. Women were also more frequently described as “bright” and “organized”. While the MSPE is intended to reflect an objective, summative assessment of students’ qualifications, these data demonstrate for the first time systematic differences in how candidates are described based on racial/ethnic and gender group membership. Recognizing possible implicit biases and their potential impact is important for faculty who strive to create a more egalitarian medical community.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Schmader, Toni;Whitehead, Jessica;Wysocki, Vicki H.
通讯作者：
Wysocki, Vicki H.
DOI：
10.1001/jama.2015.10680
发表时间：
2015-09-15
期刊：
JAMA
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
9.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Nunez-Smith, Marcella;Ciarleglio, Maria M.;Bradley, Elizabeth H.
通讯作者：
Bradley, Elizabeth H.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Nunez-Smith, Marcella;Pilgrim, Nanlesta;Bradley, Elizabeth H.
通讯作者：
Bradley, Elizabeth H.