Contribution of Dietary Oxalate and Oxalate Precursors to Urinary Oxalate Excretion.

Contribution of Dietary Oxalate and Oxalate Precursors to Urinary Oxalate Excretion.
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DOI:
10.3390/nu13010062
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发表时间:
2020-12-28
期刊:
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Fargue S
Fargue S
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Crivelli JJ;Mitchell T;Knight J;Wood KD;Assimos DG;Holmes RP;Fargue S

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Kidney stone disease is increasing in prevalence, and the most common stone composition is calcium oxalate. Dietary oxalate intake and endogenous production of oxalate are important in the pathophysiology of calcium oxalate stone disease. The impact of dietary oxalate intake on urinary oxalate excretion and kidney stone disease risk has been assessed through large cohort studies as well as smaller studies with dietary control. Net gastrointestinal oxalate absorption influences urinary oxalate excretion. Oxalate-degrading bacteria in the gut microbiome, especially Oxalobacter formigenes, may mitigate stone risk through reducing net oxalate absorption. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is the main dietary precursor for endogenous production of oxalate with several other compounds playing a lesser role. Renal handling of oxalate and, potentially, renal synthesis of oxalate may contribute to stone formation. In this review, we discuss dietary oxalate and precursors of oxalate, their pertinent physiology in humans, and what is known about their role in kidney stone disease.
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