Reemergence of Human Monkeypox and Declining Population Immunity in the Context of Urbanization, Nigeria, 2017-2020.

Reemergence of Human Monkeypox and Declining Population Immunity in the Context of Urbanization, Nigeria, 2017-2020.
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人类猴痘的重新出现和城市化背景下人口免疫力下降,尼日利亚,2017-2020年。

DOI:
10.3201/eid2704.203569
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发表时间:
2021-04
影响因子:
11.8
通讯作者:
MacIntyre CR
MacIntyre CR
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nguyen PY;Ajisegiri WS;Costantino V;Chughtai AA;MacIntyre CR

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2017-2020年期间尼日利亚的猴痘疫情为新出现的人畜共患病提供了一个说明性的案例研究。我们建立了一个统计模型,在两个水平上模拟猴痘免疫力的下降:在个体水平上,随着天花疫苗接种率的下降,我们使用了每年1.29%的免疫力下降率。在人口水平上,由于死亡和出生,接种疫苗的居民队列随着时间的推移而减少。截至2016年,尼日利亚只有10.1%的总人口接种了天花疫苗;接种者血清学免疫水平为25.7%,总人口为2.6%。2017年尼日利亚猴痘的大幅复苏似乎是由人口增长、未接种疫苗的人群积累和天花疫苗免疫力下降共同驱动的。未接种疫苗的人口不断增加,意味着整个家庭,而不仅仅是儿童,现在更容易感染猴痘,增加了人与人之间传播的风险。
A monkeypox outbreak in Nigeria during 2017–2020 provides an illustrative case study for emerging zoonoses. We built a statistical model to simulate declining immunity from monkeypox at 2 levels: At the individual level, we used a constant rate of decline in immunity of 1.29% per year as smallpox vaccination rates fell. At the population level, the cohort of vaccinated residents decreased over time because of deaths and births. By 2016, only 10.1% of the total population in Nigeria was vaccinated against smallpox; the serologic immunity level was 25.7% among vaccinated persons and 2.6% in the overall population. The substantial resurgence of monkeypox in Nigeria in 2017 appears to have been driven by a combination of population growth, accumulation of unvaccinated cohorts, and decline in smallpox vaccine immunity. The expanding unvaccinated population means that entire households, not just children, are now more susceptible to monkeypox, increasing risk of human-to-human transmission.
DOI: 10.3390/v9100278
发表时间: 2017-09-29
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