Exportation of Monkeypox Virus From the African Continent.
Exportation of Monkeypox Virus From the African Continent.
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jiaa559
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发表时间：
2022-04-19
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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西非最大的猴痘疫情始于2017年9月的尼日利亚。从尼日利亚前往英国（n = 2）、以色列（n = 1）和新加坡（n = 1）的4人成为非洲输出的首例人类猴痘病例，英国发生的一起相关医院传播事件成为非洲以外首例确诊的人传人猴痘事件。联合分析了出口病例和尼日利亚病例的流行病学和分子数据，以便更好地了解疫情时间和地理背景下的出口情况。来自所有旅行者和巴耶尔萨病例的分离株具有最近的共同祖先，并曾前往巴耶尔萨州、三角洲州或河流州。该群集的遗传变异低于从本次疫情中随机抽样的基因组所预期的水平，但数据不支持旅行者之间的直接联系。输出病例和巴耶尔萨样本的单系性以及中间水平的遗传变异表明，一小群相关分离株可能是输出感染的来源。这可能是由于在巴耶尔萨州、三角洲州和河流州毗连区域内传播的猴痘分离株存在遗传变异水平，或另一个更受限制但尚未确定的源池。来自尼日利亚多次人类猴痘输出的分子和流行病学数据显示，旅行者之间没有直接联系；然而，测序病毒之间有限的遗传变异表明，可能存在一个共同的源库或在一个小地理区域内独立获得的感染。
The largest West African monkeypox outbreak began September 2017, in Nigeria. Four individuals traveling from Nigeria to the United Kingdom (n = 2), Israel (n = 1), and Singapore (n = 1) became the first human monkeypox cases exported from Africa, and a related nosocomial transmission event in the United Kingdom became the first confirmed human-to-human monkeypox transmission event outside of Africa. Epidemiological and molecular data for exported and Nigerian cases were analyzed jointly to better understand the exportations in the temporal and geographic context of the outbreak. Isolates from all travelers and a Bayelsa case shared a most recent common ancestor and traveled to Bayelsa, Delta, or Rivers states. Genetic variation for this cluster was lower than would be expected from a random sampling of genomes from this outbreak, but data did not support direct links between travelers. Monophyly of exportation cases and the Bayelsa sample, along with the intermediate levels of genetic variation, suggest a small pool of related isolates is the likely source for the exported infections. This may be the result of the level of genetic variation present in monkeypox isolates circulating within the contiguous region of Bayelsa, Delta, and Rivers states, or another more restricted, yet unidentified source pool. Molecular and epidemiological data from multiple human monkeypox exportations from Nigeria show no direct linkage between travelers; however, limited genetic variation among sequenced viruses point to a possible common source pool or independently acquired infections within a small geographic area.
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期刊：
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影响因子：
--
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