RSF governs silent chromatin formation via histone H2Av replacement.

RSF governs silent chromatin formation via histone H2Av replacement.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1000011
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发表时间:
2008-02-29
期刊:
影响因子:
4.5
通讯作者:
Hirose S
Hirose S
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hanai K;Furuhashi H;Yamamoto T;Akasaka K;Hirose S

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人类重塑和间隔因子 (RSF) 由 Rsf-1 和 hSNF2H 的异二聚体组成,hSNF2H 是果蝇 ISWI 的对应物。 RSF不仅具有染色质重塑活性,还具有体外染色质组装活性。虽然没有其他单一因素可以执行与 RSF 相同的活动,但 RSF 的生物学意义仍然未知。为了研究 RSF 的体内功能,我们生成了果蝇 Rsf-1 (dRsf-1) 的突变等位基因。 dRsf-1 突变体表现为位置效应杂色的显性抑制因子。在 dRsf-1 突变体中,与异染色质并列的常染色质区域中组蛋白 H3K9 二甲基化和组蛋白 H2A 变体 H2Av 的水平显着降低。此外,使用遗传和生化方法,我们证明 dRsf-1 与 H2Av 和 H2Av 交换机制 Tip60 复合物相互作用。这些结果表明 RSF 有助于沉默染色质形成途径中组蛋白 H2Av 的替换。由于 DNA 被包装到细胞核中的染色质中,因此每次 DNA 交易都需要改变染色质结构。 RSF是Rsf-1和ISWI/SNF2H的异二聚体,是一种独特的染色质重塑因子,无需组蛋白伴侣的帮助即可组装规则间隔的核小体阵列,但其生物学功能尚不清楚。使用果蝇作为模式生物,我们研究了 RSF 在基因表达中的体内作用。 RSF 功能的丧失降低了组蛋白变体 H2Av 和组蛋白 H3-K9 甲基化的水平,并抑制着丝粒异染色质附近常染色质区域的转录沉默。我们还观察到 Rsf-1 与组蛋白 H2Av 和 H2Av 交换机制 Tip60 复合体相互作用。基于这些发现,我们提出 RSF 通过促进组蛋白 H2Av 替换在沉默染色质形成中发挥作用。
Human remodeling and spacing factor (RSF) consists of a heterodimer of Rsf-1 and hSNF2H, a counterpart of Drosophila ISWI. RSF possesses not only chromatin remodeling activity but also chromatin assembly activity in vitro. While no other single factor can execute the same activities as RSF, the biological significance of RSF remained unknown. To investigate the in vivo function of RSF, we generated a mutant allele of Drosophila Rsf-1 (dRsf-1). The dRsf-1 mutant behaved as a dominant suppressor of position effect variegation. In dRsf-1 mutant, the levels of histone H3K9 dimethylation and histone H2A variant H2Av were significantly reduced in an euchromatic region juxtaposed with heterochromatin. Furthermore, using both genetic and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that dRsf-1 interacts with H2Av and the H2Av-exchanging machinery Tip60 complex. These results suggest that RSF contributes to histone H2Av replacement in the pathway of silent chromatin formation. As DNA is packaged into chromatin in the nucleus, every DNA transaction requires alteration of the chromatin structure. RSF, a heterodimer of Rsf-1 and ISWI/SNF2H, is a unique chromatin remodeling factor that can assemble regularly spaced nucleosome arrays without the aid of histone chaperons, but its biological function is not clear. Using Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism, we investigated the in vivo role of RSF in gene expression. The loss of RSF function reduces the levels of histone variant H2Av and histone H3-K9 methylation, and suppresses silencing of transcription in an euchromatic region neighboring the centromeric heterochromatin. We also observed that Rsf-1 interacts with histone H2Av and the H2Av-exchanging machinery Tip60 complex. Based on these findings, we propose that RSF plays a role in silent chromatin formation by promoting histone H2Av replacement.
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