Arousal increases neural gain via the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system in younger adults but not in older adults.

Arousal increases neural gain via the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system in younger adults but not in older adults.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41562-018-0344-1
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
29.9
通讯作者:
Mather M
Mather M
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee TH;Greening SG;Ueno T;Clewett D;Ponzio A;Sakaki M;Mather M

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在年轻人中,觉醒增强了对最显著或与目标相关的信息的注意力,同时抑制了其他信息。蓝斑-去甲肾上腺素(LC-NE)系统如何在觉醒状态下实现这种更高的选择性的计算模型和一项比较觉醒如何影响年轻人和老年人的加工的fMRI研究表明,显著刺激的放大和非显著刺激的抑制是两个独立的过程,年龄影响抑制,而不影响唤醒下的放大。在fMRI研究中,对于年轻人来说,觉醒增加了对显著刺激的处理,减少了对非显著刺激的处理。相比之下,对于老年人来说,觉醒增加了对低和高显著刺激的处理,通常会增加对视觉刺激的兴奋反应。老年人也表现出LC与协调注意选择性的额顶网络的功能连接性下降。因此,在老年人中,唤醒增加了从不明显的刺激中分心的可能性。
In younger adults, arousal amplifies attentional focus to the most salient or goal-relevant information while suppressing other information. A computational model of how the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system can implement this increased selectivity under arousal and an fMRI study comparing how arousal affects younger and older adults’ processing indicate that the amplification of salient stimuli and the suppression of non-salient stimuli are separate processes, with aging affecting suppression without impacting amplification under arousal. In the fMRI study, arousal increased processing of salient stimuli and decreased processing of non-salient stimuli for younger adults. In contrast, for older adults, arousal increased processing of both low and high salience stimuli, generally increasing excitatory responses to visual stimuli. Older adults also showed decline in LC functional connectivity with frontoparietal networks that coordinate attentional selectivity. Thus, among older adults, arousal increases the potential for distraction from non-salient stimuli.
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