Regeneration of transgenic skeletal muscles with altered timing of expression of the basic helix-loop-helix muscle regulatory factor MRF4.

Regeneration of transgenic skeletal muscles with altered timing of expression of the basic helix-loop-helix muscle regulatory factor MRF4.
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通过改变基本螺旋-环-螺旋肌肉调节因子 MRF4 的表达时间来实现转基因骨骼肌的再生。

DOI:
10.1016/s0002-9440(10)64303-9
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发表时间:
2003
期刊:
The American journal of pathology.
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Miller,JeffreyBoone
Miller,JeffreyBoone
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pavlath,GraceK;Dominov,JaniceA;Kegley,KristyM;Miller,JeffreyBoone

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在再生肌肉细胞中,肌肉调节因子 (MRF) 4 通常是四种 MRF 中最后表达的。为了分析 MRF4 表达的时间如何影响肌肉再生,我们比较了野生型小鼠肌肉局部冷冻损伤后的再生情况和转基因小鼠的肌肉,其中 MRF4 表达受到肌细胞生成素启动子的~1.6-kb 片段的控制。受伤三天后,野生型小鼠的咬肌和胫骨前肌 (TA) 表达很少或不表达 MRF4 mRNA;而转基因小鼠的这些肌肉表达了来自转基因和内源基因的丰富的 MRF4 mRNA。因此,与野生型再生肌肉相比,转基因中的MRF4上调加速,并且转基因的表达似乎可能间接地激活了内源MRF4基因的表达。损伤后 11 天,与野生型 TA 相比,转基因 TA 的再生(通过再生纤维的横截面积和密度测量)显着受损,而损伤后 19 天,转基因肌纤维和 TA 肌纤维均已完全恢复至损伤前的值。咬肌的再生通常比TA肌肉的再生程度要低得多,但它不受转基因的影响。因此,MRF4 上调的时间以及其他肌肉特异性因素可以决定肌肉再生的进度。
In regenerating muscle cells, muscle regulatory factor (MRF) 4 is normally the last of the four MRFs to be expressed. To analyze how the timing of MRF4 expression affects muscle regeneration, we compared regeneration after local freeze injury of muscles from wild-type mice with muscles from transgenic mice in which MRF4 expression was under control of an ∼1.6-kb fragment of the myogenin promoter. Three days after injury, masseter and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles in wild-type mice expressed little or no MRF4 mRNA; whereas these muscles in transgenic mice expressed abundant MRF4 mRNA from both the transgene and the endogenous gene. Thus, MRF4 up-regulation was accelerated in transgenic compared to wild-type regenerating muscles, and expression of the transgene appeared to activate, perhaps indirectly, expression of the endogenous MRF4 gene. At 11 days after injury, regeneration, as measured by cross-sectional area and density of regenerated fibers, was significantly impaired in transgenic TA compared to wild-type TA, whereas at 19 days after injury both transgenic and TA muscle fibers had fully recovered to preinjury values. Regeneration of masseter muscles, which normally regenerate much less completely than TA muscles, was unaffected by the transgene. Thus, the timing of MRF4 up-regulation, as well as additional muscle-specific factors, can determine the progress of muscle regeneration.
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