Voluntary non-monetary approaches for implementing conservation

Voluntary non-monetary approaches for implementing conservation
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实施保护的自愿非货币方法

DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2016.03.013
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Santangeli A
Santangeli A
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Santangeli A

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自愿性非货币保护是指公民或组织在其影响范围内自愿实施的、不需要货币补偿的保护行动。为了让未经培训的行为者有效地执行,行动应明确界定,易于执行,不需要具体的科学知识。行动成本也应该足够负担得起,以便在没有金钱激励的情况下广泛应用。迄今为止,自愿的非货币办法尚未被明确地描述为一组独特的自然保护工具。在这里,我们回顾了稀缺的科学文献的主题。为了说明一个自愿的非货币的保护方法的适用性,然后,我们调查其潜在的农田保护。我们考虑了119个行动的清单,可从“保护证据”,一个来源,系统收集的证据保护行动的有效性。在119项行动中,英国、西班牙和芬兰的95项行动可以根据实施的可行性、成本和证据的存在进行评分。16至17项行动可能适合以自愿非货币方式执行。这意味着自愿性非货币办法可以广泛适用于许多国家和环境。我们希望,这项研究将代表一个号角,保护科学家清楚地认识到自愿非货币的方法,其特点,并解决私人土地上的保护问题的潜力。采取这种自愿措施可能更多地依赖于鼓励(“轻推”),而不是通常的强制或财政强调(“推”)。
The voluntary non-monetary approach to conservation refers to actions that citizens or organizations could voluntarily implement in their area of influence without the incentive of monetary compensations. To be effectively implemented by untrained actors, actions should be clearly defined, straightforward to implement and not require specific scientific knowledge. The costs of actions should also be sufficiently affordable to be widely applied without monetary incentives. A voluntary non-monetary approach has so far not been clearly described as a distinct group of tools for nature conservation. Here we review the scarce scientific literature on the topic. To illustrate the applicability of a voluntary non-monetary approach to conservation, we then investigate its potential for farmland conservation. We considered a list of 119 actions available from “conservation-evidence”, a source of systematically collected evidence on effectiveness of conservation actions. Among 119 actions, 95 could be scored for feasibility of implementation, costs, and existence of evidence in UK, Spain and Finland. Sixteen to seventeen actions were potentially suitable for implementation by a voluntary non-monetary approach. This implies that the voluntary non-monetary approach could be widely applicable across many countries and environments. It is our hope that this study will represent a clarion call for conservation scientists to clearly recognize the voluntary non-monetary approach, its characteristics, and its potential for addressing conservation issues on private land. Adoption of such voluntary measures may be more dependent on encouragement (‘nudging’) than on the usual coercive or financial emphasis (‘shoving’).
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