Recent findings on the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); immunopathogenesis and immunotherapeutics.
Recent findings on the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); immunopathogenesis and immunotherapeutics.
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2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的最新研究发现：免疫发病机制与免疫疗法
DOI：
10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107082
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Mohammadi H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ebrahimi N;Aslani S;Babaie F;Hemmatzadeh M;Hosseinzadeh R;Joneidi Z;Mehdizadeh Tourzani Z;Pakravan N;Mohammadi H
这种疾病的致命形式与细胞因子风暴有关。COVID-19的严重程度与腹部脂肪组织分布相关。COVID-19患者的T细胞和NK细胞中的耗竭标志物上调。SARS-CoV-2相关死亡率与肠道微生物群之间可能存在联系。严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）是近年来世界范围内发生的突发公共卫生事件的主要病原。SARS-CoV-2与其祖先[SARS和中东呼吸综合征（MERS）]在结构和行为上相似，死亡率较低，但传播速度更快。我们经历了漫长的道路来识别SARS和MERS，因此我们对SARS-CoV-2的了解并不原始。免疫系统的各种反应导致了2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的广泛临床表现。鉴于先天免疫反应作为最前线的防御，它在病毒进入后立即被激活。因此，适应性免疫应答被激活以根除病毒。然而，这并非在每一种情况下都会发生，免疫反应是导致COVID-19病理表现的罪魁祸首。该疾病的致死形式与细胞因子风暴相关的免疫应答无效和/或不足相关。目前COVID-19的治疗方法有利于抑制极端炎症反应，同时保持免疫系统对病毒的警觉和反应。这可能是沿着抗病毒药物给药的结果。此外，补充不同的化合物，如维生素D，已被测试以调节免疫系统反应。对COVID-19中有助于开发高效治疗的时间顺序事件的透彻理解尚未得到解决。本文综述了COVID-19病毒与免疫系统的相互作用以及目前可用的和潜在的针对免疫系统的治疗方法。
Lethal forms of the disease are associated with cytokine storm. The severity of COVID-19 was associated with abdominal adipose tissue distribution. Exhaustion markers upregulated in T cells and NK cells from COVID-19 patients. There might be a connection between SARS-CoV-2 related mortality and gut microbiota. Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for recent ongoing public health emergency in the world. Sharing structural and behavioral similarities with its ancestors [SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)], SARS-CoV-2 has lower fatality but faster transmission. We have gone through a long path to recognize SARS and MERS, therefore our knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2 is not raw. Various responses of the immune system account for the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations in Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Given the innate immune response as the front line of defense, it is immediately activated after the virus entry. Consequently, adaptive immune response is activated to eradicate the virus. However, this does not occur in every case and immune response is the main culprit causing the pathological manifestations of COVID-19. Lethal forms of the disease are correlated with inefficient and/or insufficient immune responses associated with cytokine storm. Current therapeutic approach for COVID-19 is in favor of suppressing extreme inflammatory responses, while maintaining the immune system alert and responsive against the virus. This could be contributing along with administration of antiviral drugs in such patients. Furthermore, supplementation with different compounds, such as vitamin D, has been tested to modulate the immune system responses. A thorough understanding of chronological events in COVID-19 contributing to the development of a highly efficient treatment has not figured out yet. This review focuses on the virus-immune system interaction as well as currently available and potential therapeutic approaches targeting immune system in the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.20151267
发表时间：
2015-08-24
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bournazos S;DiLillo DJ;Ravetch JV
通讯作者：
Ravetch JV
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Bettelli, E;Carrier, YJ;Kuchroo, VK
通讯作者：
Kuchroo, VK
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Agrawal P;Nawadkar R;Ojha H;Kumar J;Sahu A
通讯作者：
Sahu A
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Boulware, David R.;Pullen, Matthew F.;Hullsiek, Kathy H.
通讯作者：
Hullsiek, Kathy H.
影响因子：
4
作者：
Barnes, Geoffrey D.;Burnett, Allison;Minichiello, Tracy
通讯作者：
Minichiello, Tracy