Theory of mind: a neural prediction problem.

Theory of mind: a neural prediction problem.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2013.08.020
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发表时间:
2013-09-04
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Saxe R
Saxe R
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Koster-Hale J;Saxe R

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预测编码假设神经系统对输入的信息做出前瞻性的预测。神经信号所包含的信息不是关于当前感知到的刺激,而是关于观察到的刺激和预测到的刺激之间的差异。我们建议将预测编码框架从高层次的感觉加工扩展到更抽象的心智理论领域;也就是说,推断他人的目标、想法和个性。我们回顾了大脑各区域对人类行为描述的神经反应,从生物运动到特征描述,都表现出预测编码的一个关键特征:对可预测刺激的活动减少。我们讨论了未来的实验如何区分预测编码和对这种反应的其他解释。这个框架可能为心理理论的神经计算提供一个重要的新窗口。
Predictive coding posits that neural systems make forward-looking predictions about incoming information. Neural signals contain information not about the currently perceived stimulus, but about the difference between the observed and the predicted stimulus. We propose to extend the predictive coding framework from high-level sensory processing to the more abstract domain of theory of mind; that is, to inferences about others’ goals, thoughts, and personalities. We review evidence that, across brain regions, neural responses to depictions of human behavior, from biological motion to trait descriptions, exhibit a key signature of predictive coding: reduced activity to predictable stimuli. We discuss how future experiments could distinguish predictive coding from alternative explanations of this response profile. This framework may provide an important new window on the neural computations underlying theory of mind.
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