Use of PC-based Simulators to Train Basic Control Functions of a Hydraulic Excavator: Audiovisual Instruction Contrasted with Hands-On Exploration
Use of PC-based Simulators to Train Basic Control Functions of a Hydraulic Excavator: Audiovisual Instruction Contrasted with Hands-On Exploration
复制标题
使用基于 PC 的模拟器训练液压挖掘机的基本控制功能：视听教学与实践探索对比
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Proctor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhushan N. Bhalerao;P. Dunston;R. Proctor
摘要 重型建筑设备的操作是一项认知要求较高的任务，操作人员的培训存在风险且成本高昂。基于计算机的虚拟培训系统的进步已经成为解决与实际设备使用相关的限制的解决方案，有效地降低了风险和上机培训时间，并允许学习环境的灵活性。我们报告了一项实验，比较了学习操作模拟液压挖掘机初始阶段的两种培训方法：（a）用于教学控制操作的视听指令，以及（b）挖掘机的动手操作。在接受其中一种或另一种培训方法后，参与者进行了控制熟悉测试，要求执行适当的操纵杆控制动作，以响应与所需动作相对应的视觉呈现的言语刺激（例如，“激活铲斗关闭功能”）。对于两组来说，在练习控制熟悉任务时，动作执行得更快，错误也更少。采用教学法进行教学的参与者比通过实践探索学习控制操作的参与者表现得更好，这种好处主要体现在两个较难的控制功能——进出斗杆、打开或关闭铲斗。将实践学习的分配时间从 1 分钟增加到 5 分钟似乎并没有增加学习量。指令传达了控制-机器关系，而仅通过模拟机器的“自由游戏”操作很难学习这些关系。
ABSTRACT Operation of heavy construction equipment is a cognitively demanding task, and training of operators is risky and costly. Advances in computer-based virtual training systems have emerged as a solution to limitations associated with use of actual equipment, effectively reducing risk and on-machine training time, and allowing flexibility in learning environments. We report an experiment that compared two training methods for the initial phase of learning to operate a simulated hydraulic excavator: (a) audiovisual instructions for teaching operation of controls, and (b) hands-on operation of the excavator. After receiving one or the other of these training methods, participants performed a Controls Familiarization test that requires execution of appropriate joystick control actions in response to verbal stimuli presented visually that correspond to the desired action (e.g., “Activate the bucket close function”). For both groups, the actions were executed faster and with fewer errors as they practiced the Controls Familiarization task. Participants taught with the instructional method performed better than those who learned control operation through hands-on exploring, with this benefit apparent mainly for the two more difficult control functions—moving the stick in or out, and opening or closing the bucket. Increasing the allotted time for hands-on learning from 1 to 5 min did not seem to increase the amount of learning that took place. Instructions convey control–machine relations that are difficult to learn just through “free play” operation of a simulated machine.
口头指令对基于效果的行动控制的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s00426-016-0745-6
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Psychological Research
影响因子：
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作者：
Dignath
通讯作者：
Dignath
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
KORNBLUM, S;HASBROUCQ, T;OSMAN, A
通讯作者：
OSMAN, A