Defining the geographical range of the Plasmodium knowlesi reservoir.
Defining the geographical range of the Plasmodium knowlesi reservoir.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0002780
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Hay SI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moyes CL;Henry AJ;Golding N;Huang Z;Singh B;Baird JK;Newton PN;Huffman M;Duda KA;Drakeley CJ;Elyazar IR;Anstey NM;Chen Q;Zommers Z;Bhatt S;Gething PW;Hay SI
猴疟疾寄生虫诺氏疟原虫（Plasmodium knowlesi）可在人类中引起严重和致命的疾病，但它很少被纳入疟疾的常规公共卫生报告系统，其地理范围在很大程度上是未知的。由于诺氏疟原虫引起的疟疾是一种真正被忽视的热带疾病，因此在确定这一疾病的地理范围和风险方面存在重大障碍。需要关于不同地点人间病例发生情况的资料，关于哪些非人灵长类动物是这种寄生虫的宿主，以及关于哪些病媒能够将这种寄生虫传播给人类。我们进行了系统的回顾，并在国家以下的空间尺度上对现有的证据进行了排名，以调查能够感染人类的寄生虫宿主的潜在地理范围。在审查了已发表的文献后，我们确定了潜在的宿主和媒介物种，并根据现有证据，根据它们对感染性寄生虫储库存在的信息量对它们进行了排名。我们整理了寄生虫发生的空间数据以及已确定的宿主和病媒物种的范围。排名的空间数据使我们能够为19个国家的475个国家以下地区分配证据分数，并将结果显示在东南亚和南亚地区的地图上。我们根据对人类存在疾病风险的证据，对潜在疾病范围内的国家以下地区进行了排名，为支持预防、管理和预防的决定提供了地理证据。这项工作还突出了该区域大部分地区的未知风险状况。在这个未知的类别中，我们的地图确定了哪些地区有最多的证据支持传染性水库的潜力，因此是进一步调查的优先事项。此外，我们还确定了对假定的宿主和病媒物种进行进一步调查的地理区域，这些区域将为区域范围的评估提供大量信息。 诺氏疟原虫是一种在猴子身上发现的疟疾寄生虫，可以通过蚊子叮咬感染人类。感染诺氏疟原虫的人可能会患上严重的疾病和死亡，但这种疾病经常被误诊为不同的疟疾类型，其地理分布在很大程度上是未知的。东南亚大部分地区缺乏人类感染数据，这意味着简单的报告病例地图可能会歪曲疾病的严重程度。相反，我们根据它们对人类感染风险存在的信息量对一系列证据类型进行了评估和排名，并绘制了这些排名信息。这突出了那些地理区域，在这些区域，关于涉及人类感染的猴子和蚊子物种的新数据将最大限度地增加我们对疾病风险所涉及的各种因素的了解。由此产生的地图突出显示了已知的寄生虫位置，以及人类中存在疾病的未知但可能的区域。
The simian malaria parasite, Plasmodium knowlesi, can cause severe and fatal disease in humans yet it is rarely included in routine public health reporting systems for malaria and its geographical range is largely unknown. Because malaria caused by P. knowlesi is a truly neglected tropical disease, there are substantial obstacles to defining the geographical extent and risk of this disease. Information is required on the occurrence of human cases in different locations, on which non-human primates host this parasite and on which vectors are able to transmit it to humans. We undertook a systematic review and ranked the existing evidence, at a subnational spatial scale, to investigate the potential geographical range of the parasite reservoir capable of infecting humans. After reviewing the published literature we identified potential host and vector species and ranked these based on how informative they are for the presence of an infectious parasite reservoir, based on current evidence. We collated spatial data on parasite occurrence and the ranges of the identified host and vector species. The ranked spatial data allowed us to assign an evidence score to 475 subnational areas in 19 countries and we present the results on a map of the Southeast and South Asia region. We have ranked subnational areas within the potential disease range according to evidence for presence of a disease risk to humans, providing geographical evidence to support decisions on prevention, management and prophylaxis. This work also highlights the unknown risk status of large parts of the region. Within this unknown category, our map identifies which areas have most evidence for the potential to support an infectious reservoir and are therefore a priority for further investigation. Furthermore we identify geographical areas where further investigation of putative host and vector species would be highly informative for the region-wide assessment. Plasmodium knowlesi is a malaria parasite found in monkeys which can infect humans via mosquito bites. People infected with the P. knowlesi parasite can suffer severe disease and death yet this disease has often been misdiagnosed as a different malaria type and its geographical distribution is largely unknown. The lack of data on human infections in much of Southeast Asia means a simple map of reported cases would likely misrepresent the extent of the disease. Instead we evaluated and ranked a range of evidence types according to how informative they are about the presence of an infection risk to humans and we mapped this ranked information. This highlighted those geographical areas where new data on the monkey and mosquito species involved in the infection of humans would add most to our knowledge of the full range of factors involved in disease risk. The resulting map highlights known locations of the parasite, and areas where presence of the disease in humans is unknown but possible.
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影响因子：
3
作者：
Bronner, Ulf;Divis, Paul C. S.;Singh, Balbir
通讯作者：
Singh, Balbir
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.1968.17.355
发表时间：
1968-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
CHIN, W;CONTACOS, PG;ALPERT, E
通讯作者：
ALPERT, E
影响因子：
3
作者：
Cox-Singh J;Hiu J;Lucas SB;Divis PC;Zulkarnaen M;Chandran P;Wong KT;Adem P;Zaki SR;Singh B;Krishna S
通讯作者：
Krishna S
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Fooden, J
通讯作者：
Fooden, J
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Barber, Bridget E.;William, Timothy;Yeo, Tsin W.
通讯作者：
Yeo, Tsin W.