Ways of looking ahead: hierarchical planning in language production.

Ways of looking ahead: hierarchical planning in language production.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cognition.2013.08.007
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发表时间:
2013-12
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Watson DG
Watson DG
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee EK;Brown-Schmidt S;Watson DG

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一般认为,语言的产生是渐进的,语言结构的组块在说话之前就已经计划好了。大量的研究考察了语言产出的范围,并表明计划语块的大小因语境而异。相比之下,关于预先规划的结构,特别是规划是否根据话语的表面结构递增地进行,或者说话者是否根据话语元素之间的层次关系进行规划,相对知之甚少。在两个实验中,我们使用图片描述任务来考察语言产生中词汇规划的结构和范围。言语起始时间和词的持续时间的分析表明,扬声器从事分层规划,使结构上依赖的词汇项目计划在一起,分层规划发生直接和间接的依赖关系。
It is generally assumed that language production proceeds incrementally, with chunks of linguistic structure planned ahead of speech. Extensive research has examined the scope of language production and suggests that the size of planned chunks varies across contexts. By contrast, relatively little is known about the structure of advance planning, specifically whether planning proceeds incrementally according to the surface structure of the utterance, or whether speakers plan according to the hierarchical relationships between utterance elements. In two experiments, we examine the structure and scope of lexical planning in language production using a picture description task. Analyses of speech onset times and word durations show that speakers engage in hierarchical planning such that structurally dependent lexical items are planned together and that hierarchical planning occurs for both direct and indirect dependencies.
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